Research Centre Adolescent Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Aggress Behav. 2019 May;45(3):348-359. doi: 10.1002/ab.21824. Epub 2019 Feb 1.
This study examines why the lower likeability of bullying perpetrators does not deter them from engaging in bullying behavior, by testing three hypotheses: (a) bullying perpetrators are unaware that they are disliked, (b) they value popularity more than they value likeability, (c) they think that they have nothing to lose in terms of likeability, as they believe that their targets and other classmates would dislike them anyway, regardless of their behavior. The first two hypotheses were examined in Study 1 (1,035 Dutch adolescents, M = 14.15) and the third hypothesis was examined in Study 2 (601 Dutch adolescents, M = 12.92). Results from regression analyses showed that those higher in bullying were not more likely to overestimate their likeability. However, they were more likely than others to find being popular more important than being liked. Moreover, those higher in bullying were more likely to endorse the belief that the victimized student or the other classmates would have disliked a bullying protagonist (in vignettes of hypothetical bullying incidents) before any bullying started. These findings suggest that adolescent bullying perpetrators may not be deterred by the costs of bullying in terms of likeability, possibly because they do not value likeability that much (Hypothesis 2), and because they believe they hardly have any likeability to lose (Hypothesis 3).
（a）欺凌者没有意识到自己不受欢迎，（b）他们更重视受欢迎程度而非受喜爱程度，（c）他们认为自己在受欢迎程度方面没有什么可失去的，因为他们认为无论自己的行为如何，目标和其他同学反正都会讨厌他们。假设（a）和（b）在研究 1（1035 名荷兰青少年，M = 14.15）中进行了检验，假设（c）在研究 2（601 名荷兰青少年，M = 12.92）中进行了检验。回归分析的结果表明，那些欺凌程度较高的青少年不太可能高估自己的受欢迎程度。然而，与其他人相比，他们更有可能认为受欢迎比受喜爱更重要。此外，那些欺凌程度较高的青少年更有可能认同这样一种信念，即在任何欺凌行为开始之前，被欺凌的学生或其他同学就已经讨厌欺凌者了（在假设的欺凌事件的情景中）。这些发现表明，青少年欺凌者可能不会因为欺凌行为在受欢迎程度方面的代价而退缩，这可能是因为他们不太重视受欢迎程度（假设 2），并且因为他们认为自己几乎没有什么受欢迎程度可失去（假设 3）。
