Gottschall Jonathan A, Gottschall Tiffani A
First Year Program, c/o English Department, St. Lawrence University, 13617, Canton, NY.
Hum Nat. 2003 Mar;14(1):1-20. doi: 10.1007/s12110-003-1014-0.
Is a given instance of rape more likely to result in pregnancy than a given instance of consensual sex? This paper undertakes a review and critique of the literature on rape-pregnancy. Next, it presents our own estimation, from U.S. government data, of pregnancy rates for reproductive age victims of penile-vaginal rape. Using data on birth control usage from the Statistical Abstract of the United States, we then form an estimate of rapepregnancy rates adjusted for the substantial number of women in our sample who would likely have been protected by oral contraception or an IUD. Our analysis suggests that per-incident rape-pregnancy rates exceed per-incident consensual pregnancy rates by a sizable margin, even before adjusting for the use of relevant forms of birth control. Possible explanations for this phenomenon are discussed, as are its implications to ongoing debates over the ultimate causes of rape.
与某一次性交行为相比，某一强奸案例导致怀孕的可能性更大吗？本文对有关强奸致孕的文献进行了综述与批判。接下来，我们依据美国政府数据，对阴茎-阴道强奸的育龄受害者的怀孕率进行了估算。利用《美国统计摘要》中有关节育措施使用情况的数据，我们随后对强奸致孕率进行了估算，该估算针对我们样本中大量可能已通过口服避孕药或宫内节育器得到保护的女性进行了调整。我们的分析表明，即使在未考虑使用相关节育措施的情况下，单次强奸致孕率也大大超过单次自愿性行为致孕率。本文讨论了这一现象的可能解释，以及它对正在进行的关于强奸终极原因的辩论的影响。
