Rodríguez Gabriel, Alonso Gumersinda, Hall Geoffrey
Department of Psychology, Universidad del País Vasco.
Department of Psychology, University of York.
J Exp Psychol Anim Learn Cogn. 2015 Oct;41(4):378-84. doi: 10.1037/xan0000070. Epub 2015 Jul 20.
The effect of stimulus salience on latent inhibition (the retardation of conditioning produced by prior exposure to the event to be used as the conditioned stimulus [CS]) was examined in an experiment using rats as subjects and the conditioned suppression procedure. The stimuli were a more salient light and a less salient tone-rats trained with light as the CS showed more suppression than rats trained with the tone as the CS; and rats tested with tone and light separately after conditioning with a CS consisting of a tone + light compound showed more suppression to the light than the tone. This pattern of results was reversed, however, in subjects given a series of nonreinforced presentations of the tone and the light separately prior to conditioning with the compound. We conclude that latent inhibition develops more readily for the more salient stimulus and that its effects can outweigh those that derive from the intrinsic salience of the stimulus. Theories of latent inhibition that predict, or can accommodate, this conclusion are considered.
在一项以大鼠为实验对象并采用条件性抑制程序的实验中，研究了刺激显著性对潜伏抑制（即先前暴露于将用作条件刺激[CS]的事件所产生的条件作用延迟）的影响。刺激物是一个更显著的光和一个不太显著的音调——用灯光作为条件刺激进行训练的大鼠比用音调作为条件刺激进行训练的大鼠表现出更多的抑制；在用由音调+灯光复合刺激作为条件刺激进行条件作用后，分别用音调和灯光进行测试的大鼠对灯光的抑制比对音调的抑制更多。然而，在对复合刺激进行条件作用之前分别对音调和灯光进行一系列无强化呈现的实验对象中，这种结果模式发生了逆转。我们得出结论，潜伏抑制对于更显著的刺激更容易形成，并且其效果可能超过源于刺激固有显著性的效果。我们考虑了预测或能够容纳这一结论的潜伏抑制理论。
