Bautista-Arredondo Sergio, González Andrea, Servan-Mori Edson, Beynon Fenella, Juarez-Figueroa Luis, Conde-Glez Carlos J, Gras Nathalie, Sierra-Madero Juan, Lopez-Ridaura Ruy, Volkow Patricia, Bertozzi Stefano M
National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico.
Mexico City's AIDS Program, Mexico City, Mexico.
PLoS One. 2015 Jul 20;10(7):e0131718. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131718. eCollection 2015.
To describe patterns of transmissible infections, chronic illnesses, socio-demographic characteristics and risk behaviors in Mexico City prisons, including in comparison to the general population, to identify those currently needing healthcare and inform policy.
A cross-sectional study among 17,000 prisoners at 4 Mexico City prisons (June to December 2010). Participation was voluntary, confidential and based on informed consent. Participants were tested for HIV, Hepatitis B & C, syphilis, hypertension, obesity, and, if at risk, glucose and cholesterol. A subset completed a questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics and risk behaviors. Positive results were delivered with counseling and treatment or referral.
76.8% (15,517/20,196) of men and 92.9% (1,779/1,914) of women participated. Complete data sets were available for 98.8%. The following prevalence data were established for transmissible infections: HIV 0.7%; syphilis: Anti-TP+/VDRL+ 2.0%; Hepatitis B: HBcAb 2.8%, HBsAg 0.15%; Anti-HCV 3.2%. Obesity: 9.5% men, 33.8% women. Compared with national age- and sex-matched data, the relative prevalence was greater for HIV and syphilis among women, HIV and Hepatitis C in men, and all infections in younger participants. Obesity prevalence was similar for women and lower among male participants. The prevalence of previously diagnosed diabetes and hypertension was lower. Questionnaire data (1,934 men, 520 women) demonstrated lower educational levels, increased smoking and substance use compared to national data. High levels of non-sterile tattooing, physical abuse and histories of sexual violence were found.
The study identified that health screening is acceptable to Mexico City prisoners and feasible on a large-scale. It demonstrated higher prevalence of HIV and other infections compared to national data, though low rates compared to international data. Individual participants benefited from earlier diagnosis, treatment and support. The data collected will also enable the formulation of improved policy for this vulnerable group.
描述墨西哥城监狱中可传播感染、慢性病、社会人口学特征及风险行为的模式，包括与普通人群的比较，以确定当前需要医疗保健的人群并为政策提供依据。
对墨西哥城4所监狱的17000名囚犯进行横断面研究（2010年6月至12月）。参与是自愿、保密且基于知情同意的。参与者接受了艾滋病毒、乙型和丙型肝炎、梅毒、高血压、肥胖症检测，如有风险还检测了血糖和胆固醇。一部分人完成了关于社会人口学特征和风险行为的问卷调查。检测呈阳性的结果会提供咨询、治疗或转诊。
男性参与率为76.8%（15517/20196），女性为92.9%（1779/1914）。98.8%的人有完整数据集。确定了以下可传播感染的患病率数据：艾滋病毒0.7%；梅毒：抗TP+/VDRL+ 2.0%；乙型肝炎：乙肝核心抗体2.8%，乙肝表面抗原0.15%；抗丙肝病毒3.2%。肥胖症：男性9.5%，女性33.8%。与全国年龄和性别匹配的数据相比，女性中艾滋病毒和梅毒、男性中艾滋病毒和丙型肝炎以及年轻参与者中所有感染的相对患病率更高。肥胖症患病率女性相似，男性较低。先前诊断出的糖尿病和高血压患病率较低。问卷调查数据（1934名男性，520名女性）显示，与全国数据相比，教育水平较低，吸烟和物质使用增加。发现非无菌纹身、身体虐待和性暴力史的发生率较高。
该研究表明，健康筛查为墨西哥城囚犯所接受且大规模实施可行。与全国数据相比，艾滋病毒和其他感染的患病率较高，不过与国际数据相比则较低。个体参与者从早期诊断、治疗和支持中受益。收集的数据还将有助于为这一弱势群体制定更好的政策。
