Puthoopparambil Soorej J, Bjerneld Magdalena, Källestål Carina
Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden;
Department of Women's and Children's Health, International Maternal and Child Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Glob Health Action. 2015 Jul 17;8:28321. doi: 10.3402/gha.v8.28321. eCollection 2015.
Detention of immigrants negatively affects their health and well-being. Quality of life (QOL) is a broad concept incorporating the self-evaluation of one's own health and well-being that can provide an understanding of the health and well-being of immigrant detainees. The aim of this study was to estimate QOL among immigrant detainees in Sweden and to assess its relationship with the services provided in detention centres and with the duration of detention.
All immigrants in all five existing Swedish detention centres (N=193) were invited to participate in the study (n=127). In this cross-sectional study, QOL was measured using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, which was administered by the first author. The questionnaire contained four additional questions measuring participants' satisfaction with the services provided in detention. Associations between QOL domain scores and service satisfaction scores were assessed using regression analysis. The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was calculated to measure the degree of association between the duration of detention and QOL scores.
The mean QOL domain scores (out of 100) were 47.0, 57.5, 41.9, and 60.5 for the environmental, physical, psychological, and social domains, respectively. The level of support detainees received from detention staff was significantly positively associated with detainees' physical (βadjusted 3.93, confidence interval [CI] 0.06-7.80) and psychological (βadjusted 5.72, CI 1.77-9.66) domain scores. There was also significant positive association between detainees' satisfaction with the care they received from detention staff and the domain scores. The general health score in the WHOQOL-BREF was significantly associated with the detainees' ability to understand the Swedish or English languages. Although not statistically significant, a longer duration of detention was negatively correlated with QOL scores.
Immigrant detainees report low QOL. Services provided at the centres, especially the support received from detention staff, is positively associated with their QOL. A review of detention guidelines addressing language barriers, staff training, and duration of detention is highly recommended.
对移民的拘留会对他们的健康和福祉产生负面影响。生活质量（QOL）是一个广泛的概念，包含对自身健康和福祉的自我评价，这有助于了解被拘留移民的健康和福祉状况。本研究的目的是评估瑞典被拘留移民的生活质量，并评估其与拘留中心提供的服务以及拘留时长之间的关系。
邀请了瑞典所有五个现有拘留中心的所有移民（N = 193）参与研究（n = 127）。在这项横断面研究中，生活质量通过由第一作者管理的世界卫生组织生活质量简表（WHOQOL - BREF）问卷进行测量。该问卷还包含另外四个问题，用于测量参与者对拘留中心提供服务的满意度。使用回归分析评估生活质量领域得分与服务满意度得分之间的关联。计算斯皮尔曼等级相关系数以衡量拘留时长与生活质量得分之间的关联程度。
环境、身体、心理和社会领域的平均生活质量领域得分（满分100分）分别为47.0、57.5、41.9和60.5。被拘留者从拘留工作人员那里获得的支持水平与被拘留者的身体（调整后β值3.93，置信区间[CI] 0.06 - 7.80）和心理（调整后β值5.72，CI 1.77 - 9.66）领域得分显著正相关。被拘留者对从拘留工作人员那里获得的护理的满意度与领域得分之间也存在显著正相关。WHOQOL - BREF中的总体健康得分与被拘留者理解瑞典语或英语的能力显著相关。虽然没有统计学意义，但拘留时间越长与生活质量得分呈负相关。
被拘留移民的生活质量较低。拘留中心提供的服务，特别是从拘留工作人员那里获得的支持，与他们的生活质量呈正相关。强烈建议对解决语言障碍、工作人员培训和拘留时长的拘留指南进行审查。
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