Pourtau Lionel, Taleb Sabrine, De Oliveira Jean-Philippe, Sagatchian Mahasti, Ferrand-Bechmann Dan
Psycho-oncology unit, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
EA1610, Université Paris-Sud, Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
J Cancer Educ. 2016 Sep;31(3):460-5. doi: 10.1007/s13187-015-0879-z.
Historically, in France, cancer associations have been managed by doctors. Despite this, the French healthcare system has increasingly encouraged them to attract voluntary helpers who are not health workers. This development has given rise to the question of the competence and legitimacy of voluntary workers in cancer associations. The aim of the present study was to identify the skills possessed by voluntary helpers who have survived the disease and the extent to which their skills meet the needs of cancer associations in responding to the demands that have emerged in this new context. This is a qualitative study based on data collected during semi-directed interviews, focus group sessions and on-site observations in a variety of French cancer associations. Categorical and thematic analyses were then carried out separately for each ethnographic method used. The study showed that because the commitment of survivor voluntary helpers derives from their own experience of the disease, it is inconsistent with the fulfilment of the association's collective aims, such as the search for funding or project development. These helpers nevertheless play an important role that involves a special link between the individual and the group, between the community and society. To conclude, "involved" volunteers have to reconcile their individual expectations with the association's collective aims.
从历史上看，在法国，癌症协会一直由医生管理。尽管如此，法国医疗体系越来越鼓励它们吸引非医护人员的志愿人员。这种发展引发了癌症协会中志愿人员的能力和合法性问题。本研究的目的是确定那些战胜了疾病的志愿人员所具备的技能，以及他们的技能在多大程度上满足癌症协会在应对这一新背景下出现的需求时的需要。这是一项定性研究，基于在法国各类癌症协会进行半结构化访谈、焦点小组讨论和实地观察期间收集的数据。然后，对所使用的每种人种志方法分别进行分类和主题分析。研究表明，由于幸存者志愿人员的奉献源于他们自身的患病经历，这与协会的集体目标的实现不一致，比如寻求资金或项目开发。然而，这些志愿人员发挥着重要作用，涉及个人与团体之间、社区与社会之间的特殊联系。总之，“参与其中”的志愿者必须使个人期望与协会的集体目标相协调。
