产前教育课程对母亲产前检查利用率、分娩方式及恢复状况的影响：一项中国的横断面调查
The effect of prenatal education curriculum on mother's prenatal examination utilization, delivery mode and recovery status: a cross-sectional survey in China.
作者信息
Shi Yuhui, Wang Dongxu, Yuan Yanfei, Jiang Ying, Zeng Qingqi, Chang Chun
机构信息
Department of Social Medicine and Health Education, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
出版信息
Environ Health Prev Med. 2015 Nov;20(6):397-403. doi: 10.1007/s12199-015-0480-4. Epub 2015 Jul 23.
OBJECTIVES
To examine the participation, implementation, and effect of the prenatal education curriculum provided by hospitals in China, and to provide evidence for the improvement of prenatal education.
METHODS
A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the hospitals in Hunan Province, China. Mothers aged 20-45 years who had given birth between 1 May 2011 and 1 May 2012 and not diagnosed with pregnancy-related complications were invited to participate in the study. A self-administered, structured questionnaire was used to examine the effect of prenatal education curriculum on prenatal examination utilization, delivery mode, and recovery status from delivery.
RESULTS
Among the total 604 respondents, only 175 (29.1 %) surveyed mothers participated in prenatal education curriculum provided by hospitals during their latest delivery. These mothers had a higher rate of attending all the required prenatal examinations (57.9 vs. 48.3 %), and a higher rate of recovering very well and well (80 vs. 73.7 %) from the latest delivery, than those who did not participate in prenatal education curriculum (P < 0.05). However, there was no statistical difference in the delivery mode between mothers who participated and those who did not participate in the prenatal education curriculum provided by hospitals.
CONCLUSIONS
Prenatal education is indispensable for the improvement of maternal and child health, and thus should be advocated. In China, a standard and convenient specification prenatal education curriculum provided by hospitals and their doctors is appropriated for providing prenatal education to pregnant women.
目的
探讨中国医院提供的产前教育课程的参与情况、实施情况及效果，为改进产前教育提供依据。
方法
在中国湖南省的医院进行了一项横断面调查。邀请2011年5月1日至2012年5月1日期间分娩且未被诊断出患有妊娠相关并发症的20 - 45岁母亲参与研究。使用自填式结构化问卷来调查产前教育课程对产前检查利用情况、分娩方式及产后恢复状况的影响。
结果
在总共604名受访者中，只有175名（29.1%）接受调查的母亲在其最近一次分娩期间参加了医院提供的产前教育课程。与未参加产前教育课程的母亲相比，这些母亲进行所有必要产前检查的比例更高（57.9%对48.3%），并且最近一次分娩后恢复得非常好和较好的比例更高（80%对73.7%）（P < 0.05）。然而，参加和未参加医院提供的产前教育课程的母亲在分娩方式上没有统计学差异。
结论
产前教育对于改善母婴健康不可或缺，因此应予以提倡。在中国，由医院及其医生提供的标准化且便捷的规范产前教育课程适合为孕妇提供产前教育。
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