Spada Marcantonio M, Giustina Lucia, Rolandi Silvia, Fernie Bruce A, Caselli Gabriele
London South Bank University,UK.
Servizio Tossicodipendendenze,AUSL,Parma,Italy.
Behav Cogn Psychother. 2015 Sep;43(5):614-22. doi: 10.1017/S1352465814000101.
Preliminary research has indicated that general facets of metacognition are associated with problem gambling. In the present study we aimed to investigate whether specific facets of metacognition play a role in explaining gambling initiation and perseveration in individuals presenting with gambling disorder.
To investigate: (1) the presence of metacognitive beliefs about gambling; (2) the goal of gambling, and its start and stop signals; and (3) the perceived impact of gambling on self-consciousness.
Ten individuals with a diagnosis of gambling disorder were assessed using metacognitive profiling, a semi-structured interview.
Findings indicated that all participants endorsed both positive and negative metacognitive beliefs about gambling. The primary goal of gambling was to relieve economic hardship and improve cognitive-emotional state. All participants reported that they did not know when this goal was achieved. Start signals for gambling included the ideas and feelings that gambling could solve problems and sensations that it might be the right time to win. The stop signal for gambling, for all participants, was running out of money. All participants also reported a perceived reduction in self-consciousness during a gambling episode.
These findings provide preliminary evidence that specific facets of metacognition play a role in gambling disorder.
初步研究表明，元认知的一般方面与问题赌博有关。在本研究中，我们旨在调查元认知的特定方面是否在解释患有赌博障碍的个体的赌博起始和持续方面发挥作用。
调查：（1）关于赌博的元认知信念的存在；（2）赌博的目标及其开始和停止信号；（3）赌博对自我意识的感知影响。
使用元认知剖析法（一种半结构化访谈）对10名被诊断为赌博障碍的个体进行评估。
研究结果表明，所有参与者都认可关于赌博的积极和消极元认知信念。赌博的主要目标是缓解经济困难和改善认知情绪状态。所有参与者都表示他们不知道这个目标何时实现。赌博的开始信号包括认为赌博可以解决问题的想法和感觉以及认为可能是获胜时机的感觉。对所有参与者来说，赌博的停止信号是钱花光了。所有参与者还报告说，在赌博期间他们感觉自我意识有所降低。
这些发现提供了初步证据，表明元认知的特定方面在赌博障碍中起作用。
