Coulter Robert W S, Blosnich John R, Bukowski Leigh A, Herrick A L, Siconolfi Daniel E, Stall Ron D
Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 De Soto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion, University Drive C (151C-U), Building 30, Pittsburgh, PA 15240, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015 Sep 1;154:251-9. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.07.006. Epub 2015 Jul 16.
Little is known about differences in alcohol use and alcohol-related problems between transgender- and nontransgender-identified populations. Using data from a large-scale health survey, we compare the drinking patterns and prevalence of alcohol-related problems of transgender-identified individuals to nontransgender-identified males and females. For transgender-identified people, we examine how various forms of victimization relate to heavy episodic drinking (HED).
Cross-sectional surveys were completed by 75,192 students aged 18-29 years attending 120 post-secondary educational institutions in the United States from 2011 to 2013. Self-reported measures included alcohol use, alcohol-related problems, victimization, and sociodemographics, including 3 gender-identity groups: transgender-identified individuals; nontransgender-identified males; and nontransgender-identified females.
Compared to transgender-identified individuals, nontransgender-identified males were more likely to report HED in the past 2 weeks (relative risk=1.42; p=0.006); however, nontransgender-identified males and females reported HED on fewer days than transgender-identified people (incidence-rate ratios [IRRs] ranged from 0.28 to 0.43; p-values<0.001). Compared to transgender-identified people, nontransgender-identified males and females had lower odds of past-year alcohol-related sexual assault and suicidal ideation (odds ratios ranged from 0.24 to 0.45; p-values<0.05). Among transgender-identified people, individuals who were sexually assaulted (IRR=3.21, p=0.011) or verbally threatened (IRR=2.42, p=0.021) in the past year had greater HED days than those who did not experience those forms of victimization.
Compared to transgender-identified people, nontransgender-identified males and females: have fewer HED occasions (despite nontransgender-identified males having greater prevalence of HED); and are at lower risk for alcohol-related sexual assaults and suicidal ideation. Experiences of sexual assault and verbal threats are associated with greater HED occasions for transgender-identified people.
对于跨性别者与非跨性别者在饮酒行为及酒精相关问题上的差异，人们了解甚少。利用一项大规模健康调查的数据，我们比较了跨性别者与非跨性别男性及女性的饮酒模式和酒精相关问题的患病率。对于跨性别者，我们研究了各种形式的受害经历与重度饮酒（HED）之间的关系。
2011年至2013年期间，美国120所高等教育机构的75192名18至29岁的学生完成了横断面调查。自我报告的测量指标包括饮酒情况、酒精相关问题、受害经历以及社会人口统计学特征，其中包括3个性别认同群体：跨性别者；非跨性别男性；以及非跨性别女性。
与跨性别者相比，非跨性别男性在过去两周内报告重度饮酒的可能性更高（相对风险=1.42；p=0.006）；然而，非跨性别男性和女性报告重度饮酒的天数比跨性别者少（发病率比[IRR]范围为从0.28至0.43；p值<0.001）。与跨性别者相比，非跨性别男性和女性过去一年中与酒精相关的性侵犯和自杀意念的几率较低（优势比范围为从0.24至0.45；p值<0.05）。在跨性别者中，过去一年遭受性侵犯（IRR=3.21，p=0.011）或受到言语威胁（IRR=2.42，p=0.021）的个体，其重度饮酒天数比未经历这些形式受害经历的个体更多。
与跨性别者相比，非跨性别男性和女性：重度饮酒的情况较少（尽管非跨性别男性的重度饮酒患病率更高）；并且与酒精相关的性侵犯和自杀意念的风险较低。性侵犯和言语威胁经历与跨性别者更多的重度饮酒情况相关。
