Katis Athanasios, Kellis Eleftherios, Lees Adrian
a Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences of Serres, Laboratory of Neuromechanics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Serres , Greece.
b Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University , Liverpool , UK.
Sports Biomech. 2015 Sep;14(3):287-99. doi: 10.1080/14763141.2015.1056221. Epub 2015 Jul 25.
Soccer kicking training should be adjusted to the characteristics of the athletes. Therefore, examination of differences in kicking kinematics of females and pubertal players relative to males is worthwhile. The purpose of the study was to compare kicking kinematics and segmental sequence parameters between male, female, and pubertal players. Ten adult male, ten adult female, and ten male pubertal players participated in the study. Participants performed five consecutive kicking trials of a stationary ball, as powerful as they could. Analysis of variance showed significantly higher ball velocity, higher joint linear velocities for the knee and the hip, and higher angular velocities of the knee and the ankle for males compared to female and pubertal players (p < 0.05). Similarly, the peak joint velocity was achieved significantly closer to ball impact in males compared to other groups (p < 0.05). Males also showed a more plantarflexed ankle immediately before ball impact (p < 0.05). Females and pubertal players may benefit from skill training aiming to increase ankle plantarflexion and hip flexion prior to ball impact, and to adjust thigh and shank motion, such that the shank-foot segment travels through a higher range of motion and with a greater velocity.
足球踢球训练应根据运动员的特点进行调整。因此，研究青春期和成年女性与男性在踢球运动学方面的差异是很有价值的。本研究的目的是比较成年男性、成年女性和青春期男性球员之间的踢球运动学和节段顺序参数。十名成年男性、十名成年女性和十名青春期男性球员参与了本研究。参与者对一个静止的球进行了连续五次踢球试验，尽可能发力。方差分析显示，与成年女性和青春期男性球员相比，成年男性的球速显著更高，膝关节和髋关节的关节线速度更高，膝关节和踝关节的角速度更高（p < 0.05）。同样，与其他组相比，成年男性在球撞击时达到峰值关节速度的时间显著更接近球撞击（p < 0.05）。成年男性在球撞击前也表现出踝关节更跖屈（p < 0.05）。成年女性和青春期男性球员可能会从技能训练中受益，这些训练旨在增加球撞击前的踝关节跖屈和髋关节屈曲，并调整大腿和小腿的运动，使小腿-足部节段以更高的运动范围和更大的速度运动。
