Seo Yongsuk, Burns Keith, Fennell Curtis, Kim Jung-Hyun, Gunstad John, Glickman Ellen, McDaniel John
1 Department of Exercise Physiology, Kent State University , Kent, Ohio.
2 National Personal Protective Technology Laboratory, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health , Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
High Alt Med Biol. 2015 Dec;16(4):298-305. doi: 10.1089/ham.2015.0027. Epub 2015 Jul 27.
Although previous reports indicate that exercise improves cognitive function in normoxia, the influence of exercise on cognitive function in hypoxia is unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine if the impaired cognitive function in hypoxia can be restored by low to moderate intensity exercise. Sixteen young healthy men completed the ANAM versions of the Go/No-Go task (GNT) and Running Memory Continuous Performance Task (RMCPT) in normoxia to serve as baseline (B-Norm) (21% O2). Following 60 minutes of exposure to normobaric hypoxia (B-Hypo) (12.5% O2), these tests were repeated at rest and during cycling exercise at 40% and 60% of adjusted Vo2max. At B-Hypo, the % correct (p≤0.001) and throughput score (p≤0.001) in RMCPT were significantly impaired compared to B-Norm. During exercise at 40% (p=0.023) and 60% (p=0.006) of adjusted Vo2max, the throughput score in RMCPT improved compared to B-Hypo, and there was no significant difference in throughput score between the two exercise intensities. Mean reaction time also improved at both exercise intensities compared to B-Hypo (p≤0.028). Both peripheral oxygen saturation (Spo2) and regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSo2) significantly decreased during B-Hypo (p≤0.001) and further decreased at 40% (p≤0.05) and 60% (p≤0.039) exercise. There was no significant difference in Spo2 or rSo2 between two exercise intensities. These data indicate that low to moderate exercise (i.e., 40%-60% adjusted Vo2max) may attenuate the risk of impaired cognitive function that occurs in hypoxic conditions.
尽管先前的报告表明运动可改善常氧条件下的认知功能，但运动对低氧条件下认知功能的影响尚不清楚。本研究的目的是确定低至中等强度运动是否能恢复低氧条件下受损的认知功能。16名年轻健康男性在常氧条件下（21%氧气）完成了去/不去任务（GNT）和连续运行记忆任务（RMCPT）的美国武装部队神经行为评估量表（ANAM）版本，作为基线（B-Norm）。在暴露于常压低氧（B-Hypo）（12.5%氧气）60分钟后，在静息状态以及以调整后最大摄氧量（Vo2max）的40%和60%进行自行车运动期间重复这些测试。在B-Hypo时，与B-Norm相比，RMCPT中的正确百分比（p≤0.001）和通量得分（p≤0.001）显著受损。在以调整后Vo2max的40%（p=0.023）和60%（p=0.006）进行运动期间，与B-Hypo相比，RMCPT中的通量得分有所改善，并且两种运动强度之间的通量得分没有显著差异。与B-Hypo相比，两种运动强度下的平均反应时间也有所改善（p≤0.028）。在B-Hypo期间，外周血氧饱和度（Spo2）和局部脑血氧饱和度（rSo2）均显著降低（p≤0.001），并在40%（p≤0.05）和60%（p≤0.039）运动时进一步降低。两种运动强度之间的Spo2或rSo2没有显著差异。这些数据表明，低至中等强度运动（即调整后Vo2max的40%-60%）可能会降低低氧条件下发生认知功能受损的风险。
