Matvieieva N A, Pasichnyk L A, Zhytkevych N V, Jacinto Pabón Garcés Galo, Pidgorskyi V S
Mikrobiol Z. 2015 May-Jun;77(3):23-7.
Antimicrobial activity of the ethanolic, isopropanolic, acetone, DMSO and aqueous extracts of the two lichen species from Ecuadorian highland, Usnea sp. and Stereocaulon sp. were explored in vitro against bacteria Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by the disc-diffusion method. Also the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined. The strongest antimicrobial activity was found in DMSO extract of Usnea sp. compared to antibacterial activity of ciprfloxacin and cefazolin antibiotics. The inhibition zone was 28 mm, 30 mm, 31mm (DMSO extract, ciprfloxacin and cefazolin respectively) in case of B. subtilis usage as the test bacteria. MIC value for Usnea sp. and Stereocaulon sp. DMSO extracts was 0.4 mg/ml. E. coli was resistant to all kinds of extracts. The S. aureus sensitivity to lichen DMSO extracts was comparable to sensitivity of these microorganisms to tetracycline and vancomycin. Thereby, most kinds of extracts (ethanol, isopropanol, hexane, DMSO and acetone solvents) from Ecuadorian lichens Usnea sp. and Stereocaulon sp. with the exception of aqueous Stereocaulon sp. extracts possessed antibacterial activity against B. subtilis. DMSO lichen extracts had also antimicrobial activity against S. aureus. At the same time the extracts studied didn't demonstrate antibacterial activity against the representatives of the most common and harmful phytopathogenic bacteria tested. Further investigations of Ecuadorian lichens especially study of plants collected from extremal highland biotops can be very important in study of possibility of treatment of numerous diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms.
采用纸片扩散法，对来自厄瓜多尔高地的两种地衣物种松萝属（Usnea sp.）和树花属（Stereocaulon sp.）的乙醇提取物、异丙醇提取物、丙酮提取物、二甲基亚砜（DMSO）提取物和水提取物，进行了体外抗枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌活性研究。同时还测定了最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。与环丙沙星和头孢唑林抗生素的抗菌活性相比，松萝属DMSO提取物的抗菌活性最强。以枯草芽孢杆菌作为测试菌时，抑菌圈直径分别为28mm（DMSO提取物）、30mm（环丙沙星）和31mm（头孢唑林）。松萝属和树花属DMSO提取物的MIC值为0.4mg/ml。大肠杆菌对所有提取物均耐药。金黄色葡萄球菌对地衣DMSO提取物的敏感性与这些微生物对四环素和万古霉素的敏感性相当。因此，除树花属水提取物外，厄瓜多尔地衣松萝属和树花属的大多数提取物（乙醇、异丙醇、己烷、DMSO和丙酮溶剂提取物）对枯草芽孢杆菌具有抗菌活性。地衣DMSO提取物对金黄色葡萄球菌也有抗菌活性。同时，所研究的提取物对测试的最常见和最有害的植物病原菌没有抗菌活性。进一步研究厄瓜多尔地衣，特别是对从极端高地生物群落采集的植物进行研究，对于研究由病原微生物引起的多种疾病的治疗可能性可能非常重要。
