Foster Simon, Held Leonhard, Estévez Natalia, Gmel Gerhard, Mohler-Kuo Meichun
Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
Alcohol Treatment Centre, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Addiction. 2015 Nov;110(11):1746-56. doi: 10.1111/add.13032. Epub 2015 Jul 29.
To estimate the statistical interactions between alcohol policy strength and the person-related risk factors of sensation-seeking, antisocial personality disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder related to heavy alcohol use.
Cross-sectional survey.
Young Swiss men living within 21 jurisdictions across Switzerland.
A total of 5701 Swiss men (mean age 20 years) participating in the Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors (C-SURF).
Outcome measures were alcohol use disorder (AUD) as defined in the DSM-5 and risky single-occasion drinking (RSOD). Independent variables were sensation-seeking, antisocial personality disorder (ASPD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and an index of alcohol policy strength.
Alcohol policy strength was protective against RSOD [odds ratio (OR) = 0.91 (0.84-0.99)], while sensation-seeking and ASPD were risk factors for both RSOD [OR = 1.90 (1.77-2.04); OR = 1.69 (1.44-1.97)] and AUD [OR = 1.58 (1.47-1.71); OR = 2.69 (2.30-3.14)] and ADHD was a risk factor for AUD [OR = 1.08 (1.06-1.10)]. Significant interactions between alcohol policy strength and sensation-seeking were identified for RSOD [OR = 1.06 (1.01-1.12)] and AUD [OR = 1.06 (1.01-1.12)], as well as between alcohol policy strength and ASPD for both RSOD [OR = 1.17 (1.03-1.31)] and AUD [OR = 1.15 (1.02-1.29)]. These interactions indicated that the protective effects of alcohol policy strength on RSOD and AUD were lost in men with high levels of sensation-seeking or an ASPD. No interactions were detected between alcohol policy strength and ADHD.
Stronger alcohol legislation protects against heavy alcohol use in young Swiss men, but this protective effect is lost in individuals with high levels of sensation-seeking or having an antisocial personality disorder.
评估酒精政策强度与寻求刺激、反社会人格障碍及注意力缺陷多动障碍等与大量饮酒相关的个人风险因素之间的统计交互作用。
横断面调查。
居住在瑞士21个辖区内的年轻瑞士男性。
共有5701名瑞士男性（平均年龄20岁）参与了物质使用风险因素队列研究（C-SURF）。
结局指标为《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第5版（DSM-5）中定义的酒精使用障碍（AUD）和危险单次饮酒（RSOD）。自变量为寻求刺激、反社会人格障碍（ASPD）、注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）以及酒精政策强度指数。
酒精政策强度对RSOD具有保护作用[比值比（OR）=0.91（0.84-0.99）]，而寻求刺激和反社会人格障碍是RSOD[OR=1.90（1.77-2.04）；OR=1.69（1.44-1.97）]和AUD[OR=1.58（1.47-1.71）；OR=2.69（2.30-3.14）]的风险因素，注意力缺陷多动障碍是AUD的风险因素[OR=1.08（1.06-1.10）]。在RSOD[OR = 1.06（1.01-1.12）]和AUD[OR = 1.06（1.01-1.12）]方面，发现酒精政策强度与寻求刺激之间存在显著交互作用，在RSOD[OR = 1.17（1.03-1.31）]和AUD[OR = 1.15（1.02-1.29）]方面，酒精政策强度与反社会人格障碍之间也存在显著交互作用。这些交互作用表明，在寻求刺激水平高或患有反社会人格障碍的男性中，酒精政策强度对RSOD和AUD的保护作用丧失。未检测到酒精政策强度与注意力缺陷多动障碍之间的交互作用。
更强有力的酒精立法可预防年轻瑞士男性大量饮酒，但在寻求刺激水平高或患有反社会人格障碍的个体中，这种保护作用丧失。
