School of Social Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Australia.
School of Social Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Australia.
Appetite. 2015 Dec;95:383-9. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2015.07.030. Epub 2015 Jul 29.
This research explored how food addiction (FA) and impulsivity (non-planning, motor, and attentional) relate to body mass index (BMI) in a sample of people with type 2 diabetes (t2d). Participants with t2d (N = 334, Mage = 41.0, SDage = 9.5, 66% female, MBMI = 37.6 kg/m(2), SDBMI = 8.0 kg/m(2)) completed an online survey including the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-II), and the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS). Results demonstrated that over 70% of the sample with t2d met the YFAS criteria for FA. Results also demonstrated that participants classified as FA had significantly higher BMI, t (332) = 12.11, p < .001. The food addict classification group also had a significantly higher percentage of obese participants, χ(2) (2) = 87.1, p < .001, phi = .511. Utilising a cross-sectional design to predict BMI, significant forward stepwise multiple regression demonstrated that FA (β = .386) and impulsivity (non-planning) (β = .286) were significant predictors. In combination FA and impulsivity (non-planning) significantly explained 38% of BMI variance; however depression, anxiety, and stress did not significantly improve the model. These results suggest FA and impulsivity (non-planning) are more salient cross-sectional predictors of BMI, in people with t2d, than indices of depression, anxiety, stress and impulsivity (motor and attentional). These results, implicating FA in the development of obesity, have important ramifications for potential future treatment methods of t2d where FA symptomology could be routinely screened, and if present, treated via addiction models rather than purely attempting to treat the potential consequences of FA.
本研究探讨了食物成瘾（FA）和冲动性（非计划性、运动性和注意力）与 2 型糖尿病（t2d）患者体重指数（BMI）的关系。参与 t2d 的患者（N=334，Mage=41.0，SDage=9.5，66%为女性，MBMI=37.6kg/m2，SDBMI=8.0kg/m2）完成了一项在线调查，其中包括抑郁焦虑压力量表（DASS-21）、巴雷特冲动量表（BIS-II）和耶鲁食物成瘾量表（YFAS）。结果表明，超过 70%的 t2d 样本符合 YFAS 食物成瘾标准。结果还表明，被归类为 FA 的参与者的 BMI 显著更高，t（332）=12.11，p<.001。食物成瘾分类组的肥胖参与者比例也显著更高，χ2（2）=87.1，p<.001，φ=.511。利用横断面设计预测 BMI，逐步多元回归显示 FA（β=.386）和冲动性（非计划性）（β=.286）是显著的预测因子。FA 和冲动性（非计划性）联合显著解释了 BMI 变异的 38%；然而，抑郁、焦虑和压力对模型没有显著改善。这些结果表明，在 t2d 患者中，FA 和冲动性（非计划性）是 BMI 的更显著的横断面预测因子，而抑郁、焦虑、压力和冲动性（运动性和注意力）则不是。这些结果表明 FA 在肥胖的发展中起着重要作用，这对未来可能的 t2d 治疗方法具有重要意义，在这些方法中，可以常规筛查 FA 症状，如果存在，可以通过成瘾模型进行治疗，而不仅仅是试图治疗 FA 的潜在后果。
