Smagula Stephen F, Faulkner Kimberly, Scheier Michael F, Tindle Hilary A, Cauley Jane A
University of Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
J Aging Health. 2016 Jun;28(4):571-86. doi: 10.1177/0898264315597649. Epub 2015 Aug 3.
We assessed associations between specific personality factors and health, and tested whether specific personality factors were related to health outcomes independent of each other.
We performed cross-sectional analyses of personality and health among a sample of community-dwelling older men (n = 613, M age = 81.4, SD = 5.04 years) living in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Personality factors (dispositional optimism, conscientiousness, and goal adjustment) were crudely related to both physical and mental health, but adjusting for other personality factors completely attenuated several of these associations. Conscientiousness remained uniquely related to every physical and mental health outcome. Optimism remained uniquely related to all health outcomes, except physical activity (which was more highly related to conscientiousness and goal adjustment). Associations between goal adjustment and probable depression appeared to be explained by conscientiousness and optimism.
Correlations among multiple aspects of personality may mask unique associations of specific personality aspects with successful aging.
我们评估了特定人格因素与健康之间的关联，并测试了特定人格因素是否彼此独立地与健康结果相关。
我们对居住在宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡的社区老年男性样本（n = 613，年龄中位数 = 81.4，标准差 = 5.04岁）的人格和健康进行了横断面分析。
人格因素（性格乐观、尽责性和目标调整）与身心健康大致相关，但在调整其他人格因素后，其中一些关联完全减弱。尽责性仍然与每一项身心健康结果都有独特的关联。乐观主义仍然与所有健康结果都有独特的关联，但身体活动除外（身体活动与尽责性和目标调整的关联更强）。目标调整与可能的抑郁症之间的关联似乎可以由尽责性和乐观主义来解释。
人格多个方面之间的相关性可能掩盖了特定人格方面与成功老龄化的独特关联。
