Weldon Sharon-Marie, Korkiakangas Terhi, Bezemer Jeff, Kneebone Roger
Department of Cancer and Surgery, Imperial College London, UK.
Institute of Education, University College, London, UK.
J Adv Nurs. 2015 Dec;71(12):2763-74. doi: 10.1111/jan.12744. Epub 2015 Aug 4.
To observe the extent and the detail with which playing music can impact on communication in the operating theatre.
According to the cited sources, music is played in 53-72% of surgical operations performed. Noise levels in the operating theatre already exceed World Health Organisation recommendations. There is currently a divide in opinions on the playing of music in operating theatres, with few studies conducted and no policies or guidance provided.
An ethnographic observational study of teamwork in operating theatres through video recordings. Quantitative and qualitative data analysis approaches were used.
This study was conducted between 2012-2013 in the UK. Video recordings of 20 operations over six months in two operating theatres were captured. The recordings were divided into music and non-music playing cases. Each case was logged using a request/response sequence identified through interactional analysis. Statistical analysis, using a χ(2) , explored the difference between the proportion of request repetitions and whether music was playing or not. Further interactional analysis was conducted for each request repetition.
Request/response observations (N = 5203) were documented. A chi-square test revealed that repeated requests were five times more likely to occur in cases that played music than those that did not. A repeated request can add 4-68 seconds each to operation time and increased tensions due to frustration at ineffective communication.
Music played in the operating theatre can interfere with team communication, yet is seldom recognized as a potential safety hazard. Decisions around whether music is played and around the choice of music and its volume, are determined largely by surgeons. Frank discussions between clinicians, managers, patients and governing bodies should be encouraged for recommendations and guidance to be developed.
观察播放音乐对手术室沟通产生影响的程度和细节。
根据引用的资料来源，在53% - 72%的外科手术中会播放音乐。手术室的噪音水平已经超过了世界卫生组织的建议。目前对于在手术室播放音乐存在意见分歧，相关研究较少，也没有提供政策或指导。
通过视频记录对手术室团队协作进行人种志观察研究。采用定量和定性数据分析方法。
本研究于2012 - 2013年在英国进行。在两个手术室对六个月内的20台手术进行了视频记录。记录被分为播放音乐和不播放音乐的情况。每个案例通过互动分析确定的请求/响应序列进行记录。使用卡方检验进行统计分析，探究请求重复比例在播放音乐和不播放音乐的情况之间的差异。对每个请求重复情况进行进一步的互动分析。
记录了请求/响应观察结果（N = 5203）。卡方检验显示，播放音乐的情况下重复请求出现的可能性是不播放音乐情况的五倍。一次重复请求可能会使手术时间每次增加4 - 68秒，并因沟通无效导致挫败感而加剧紧张情绪。
手术室播放的音乐可能会干扰团队沟通，但很少被视为潜在的安全隐患。关于是否播放音乐、音乐的选择及其音量的决定，很大程度上由外科医生做出。应鼓励临床医生、管理人员、患者和管理机构进行坦诚的讨论，以制定相关建议和指导。
