Dietrich T, Walter C, Oluwagbemigun K, Bergmann M, Pischon T, Pischon N, Boeing H
Department of Oral Surgery, The School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK Department of Periodontology, Endodontology, and Cariology, School of Dentistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
Department of Periodontology, Endodontology, and Cariology, School of Dentistry, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
J Dent Res. 2015 Oct;94(10):1369-75. doi: 10.1177/0022034515598961. Epub 2015 Aug 4.
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between cigarette smoking and smoking cessation and the prevalence and incidence of tooth loss in a large cohort study in Germany. We analyzed data of 23,376 participants of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-Potsdam study recruited between 1994 and 1998 from the general population in Potsdam and other parts of Brandenburg, Germany, who had complete data on cigarette smoking, tooth loss, and covariates. Negative binomial regression and tooth-specific logistic regression models were fit to evaluate the association between smoking and the baseline prevalence and incidence of tooth loss during follow-up, respectively. Cigarette smoking was associated with higher prevalence of tooth loss at baseline as well as higher incidence of tooth loss during follow-up. The association between smoking and the incidence of tooth loss was stronger in men than women and stronger in younger versus older individuals. Heavy smoking (≥15 cigarettes/d) was associated with >3 times higher risk of tooth loss in men (odds ratio, 3.6; 95% confidence interval, 3.0, 4.4) and more than twice the risk of tooth loss in women (odds ratio, 2.5; 95% confidence interval, 2.1, 2.9) younger than 50 y when compared with never smokers. Smoking cessation was consistently associated with a reduction in tooth loss risk, with the risk of tooth loss approaching that of never smokers after approximately 10 to 20 y of cessation.
本研究的目的是在德国一项大型队列研究中，调查吸烟及戒烟与牙齿缺失的患病率和发病率之间的关联。我们分析了1994年至1998年间从德国勃兰登堡州波茨坦及其他地区的普通人群中招募的23376名欧洲癌症与营养前瞻性调查（EPIC）-波茨坦研究参与者的数据，这些参与者拥有关于吸烟、牙齿缺失及协变量的完整数据。分别采用负二项回归和特定牙齿的逻辑回归模型来评估吸烟与随访期间牙齿缺失的基线患病率和发病率之间的关联。吸烟与基线时较高的牙齿缺失患病率以及随访期间较高的牙齿缺失发病率相关。吸烟与牙齿缺失发病率之间的关联在男性中比女性更强，在年轻人中比老年人更强。与从不吸烟者相比，重度吸烟（≥15支/天）使50岁以下男性牙齿缺失风险增加3倍以上（比值比，3.6；95%置信区间，3.0, 4.4），使50岁以下女性牙齿缺失风险增加两倍以上（比值比，2.5；95%置信区间，2.1, 2.9）。戒烟始终与牙齿缺失风险降低相关，戒烟约10至20年后，牙齿缺失风险接近从不吸烟者。
