Ncube Nondumiso B Q, Meintjes Willem A J, Chola Lumbwe
Division of Community Health, Stellenbosch University.
Afr J Prim Health Care Fam Med. 2014 Nov 24;6(1):E1-9. doi: 10.4102/phcfm.v6i1.665.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a worldwide problem, with 68% of infected people residing in sub-Saharan Africa. Antiretroviral therapy is used as post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) to prevent infection in cases of occupational exposure, and use has recently been expanded to nonoccupational exposure. Studies have demonstrated a lack of awareness of non-occupational PEP (NOPEP) in the general population.
The aim of this study was to evaluate knowledge and attitudes towards availability of, access to and use of NO-PEP amongst first- and second-year medical students.
Participants were medical undergraduates of Stellenbosch University in the Western Cape of South Africa who were registered in 2013.
A descriptive cross-sectional study of 169 students was performed. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires handed out in a classroom in August 2013. Self-reported knowledge and attitudes towards NO-PEP and barriers to access to and use of NO-PEP were analysed using frequency tables. Associations between self-reported and objective knowledge of NO-PEP were analysed by odds ratios.
Over 90% of students had good knowledge on HIV transmission, and about 75% knew how it can be prevented. Twenty eight per cent (n = 47) of students reported knowledge of NO-PEP; 67% reported hearing about it from lecturers, whilst 1% reported hearing about it from their partner. Studentswho knew the correct procedure to take when a dose is forgotten were 2.4 times more likely to report knowledge of NO-PEP than those who did not know what to do when a dose is forgotten (p = 0.029). No other associations were statistically signifiant.
Students had positive attitudes towards the use of NO-PEP and also identifid barriers to its use. Despite good knowledge of HIV prevention and transmission, knowledge on NO-PEP was poor.
人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染是一个全球性问题，68%的感染者居住在撒哈拉以南非洲地区。抗逆转录病毒疗法被用作暴露后预防（PEP），以防止职业暴露情况下的感染，最近其使用范围已扩大到非职业暴露。研究表明，普通人群对非职业性PEP（NOPEP）缺乏认识。
本研究的目的是评估一年级和二年级医学生对NO-PEP的可获得性、获取途径和使用的知识及态度。
参与者是南非西开普省斯泰伦博斯大学2013年注册的医学本科生。
对169名学生进行了描述性横断面研究。2013年8月在一间教室里通过自行填写问卷收集数据。使用频率表分析自我报告的对NO-PEP的知识和态度以及获取和使用NO-PEP的障碍。通过比值比分析自我报告的和客观的NO-PEP知识之间的关联。
超过90%的学生对HIV传播有良好的了解，约75%的学生知道如何预防。28%（n = 47）的学生报告了解NO-PEP；67%的学生报告从讲师那里听说过，而1%的学生报告从他们的伴侣那里听说过。知道忘记服药剂量时正确处理程序的学生报告了解NO-PEP的可能性是不知道忘记服药剂量时该怎么做的学生的2.4倍（p = 0.029）。没有其他关联具有统计学意义。
学生对使用NO-PEP持积极态度，也指出了其使用的障碍。尽管对HIV预防和传播有良好的了解，但对NO-PEP的知识却很匮乏。
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