Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 16992 Jingshi Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China.
Shandong Institute for Endemic Disease Control and Research, 11 Yandong New Road, Jinan, 250014, Shandong Province, China.
Eur J Nutr. 2016 Aug;55(5):1933-41. doi: 10.1007/s00394-015-1009-8. Epub 2015 Aug 6.
Tremendous differences in iodine status and daily iodine intake persist across provinces of China. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the iodine status and dietary iodine intake of Shandong adults before the implementation of the salt reduction program and a new salt iodization standard.
Data from a baseline survey of the Shandong and Ministry of Health Action on Salt Reduction and Hypertension project (2011) were analyzed. The iodine contents of 1949 24-h urine samples and 136 drinking water samples were assayed. Daily urinary iodine excretion and daily iodine intake were calculated, analyzed, stratified by different analytical variables and compared with Chinese Dietary Reference Values.
The median urinary iodine concentration and median daily iodine intake of Shandong adults were 248.5 μg/L and 368.2 μg/day, respectively. The median iodine intake of different groups was between the estimated average requirements and the upper limit, except group in water iodine >300 μg/L with median iodine intake of 1200.7 μg/L. Salt intake and iodine levels in drinking water related to iodine intake significantly.
Shandong adults had more than adequate iodine nutrition, and the dietary iodine intake of the population was generally appropriate and safe except residents in high water iodine areas. In the context of the implementation of a salt reduction program and a new salt iodization standard, the iodine status of high water iodine areas may remain in the recommended level, but in low water iodine areas, the risk of inadequate iodine intake may increase, needing monitoring of urine iodine excretion, dietary iodine intake and iodized salt consumption regularly.
中国各省份之间碘营养状况和碘摄入量存在巨大差异。本研究旨在评估山东省成人在实施减盐计划和新盐碘标准之前的碘营养状况和膳食碘摄入量。
对山东省卫生厅减盐与高血压防控项目基线调查（2011 年）的数据进行分析。测定了 1949 份 24 小时尿液样本和 136 份饮用水样本中的碘含量。根据不同的分析变量计算和分析了每日尿碘排泄量和碘摄入量，并与中国膳食参考值进行了比较。
山东省成人的尿碘中位数浓度和每日碘摄入量中位数分别为 248.5μg/L 和 368.2μg/天。除水碘>300μg/L 组的碘摄入量中位数为 1200.7μg/L 外，其余各组的碘摄入量均处于估计平均需求量和上限之间。盐摄入量和饮用水碘水平与碘摄入量显著相关。
山东省成人的碘营养状况良好，除高水碘地区居民外，人群的膳食碘摄入量总体上是适当和安全的。在实施减盐计划和新盐碘标准的背景下，高水碘地区的碘营养状况可能仍处于推荐水平，但在低水碘地区，碘摄入不足的风险可能会增加，需要定期监测尿碘排泄、膳食碘摄入量和碘盐的摄入。
