Lee Seongheon, Jeong Sinho, Kim Joungmin, Jeong Seongwook
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 519-763, Republic of Korea.
Biomed Res Int. 2015;2015:951474. doi: 10.1155/2015/951474. Epub 2015 Jul 14.
Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are common adverse events with an incidence of up to 80% in high-risk patients. Ramosetron, a selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, is widely used to prevent PONV. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effective dose of ramosetron for the prevention of PONV in high-risk patients.
Fifty-one patients were randomly allocated to 3 groups and were administered ramosetron 0.3 mg (group A), 0.45 mg (group B), or 0.6 mg (group C), at the end of their surgery. The episodes of PONV were assessed 1, 6, 24, and 48 hours after the injection and all the adverse events were observed.
The complete response rate in the postoperative period 6-24 hours after the anesthesia was higher in group C than in group A: 93% versus 44%. Group C's experience score of Rhodes index was lower than group A's: 0.81 ± 2.56 versus 3.94 ± 5.25. No adverse drug reaction could be observed in all groups.
The effective dose of ramosetron to be injected for the near-complete prophylaxis of PONV 6 to 24 hours after surgery in high-risk patients is a 0.6 mg bolus injection at the end of the surgery.
术后恶心呕吐（PONV）是常见的不良事件，高危患者的发生率高达80%。雷莫司琼是一种选择性5-HT3受体拮抗剂，广泛用于预防PONV。本研究的目的是评估雷莫司琼预防高危患者PONV的有效剂量。
51例患者随机分为3组，在手术结束时分别给予0.3mg雷莫司琼（A组）、0.45mg雷莫司琼（B组）或0.6mg雷莫司琼（C组）。在注射后1、6、24和48小时评估PONV发作情况，并观察所有不良事件。
麻醉后6-24小时术后完全缓解率C组高于A组：93%对44%。C组的Rhodes指数经验评分低于A组：0.81±2.56对3.94±5.25。所有组均未观察到药物不良反应。
高危患者术后6至24小时近乎完全预防PONV所需注射的雷莫司琼有效剂量为手术结束时静脉推注0.6mg。
