Niedobitek G, Barros M H, Dreyer J H, Hauck F, Al-Sheikhyaqoob D
Institut für Pathologie, Sana Klinikum Lichtenberg, Fanningerstr. 32, 10365, Berlin, Deutschland,
Pathologe. 2015 Sep;36(5):477-84. doi: 10.1007/s00292-015-0054-7.
Macrophages are important factors in the pathogenesis and prognosis of malignant tumors and represent a possible target for therapeutic intervention. Depending on the tumor entity and the prevalent polarization status, macrophages can be associated with a favorable or unfavorable clinical outcome. It is becoming clear, however, that the conventional definitions of M1 polarized tumor inhibitory and M2 polarized tumor promoting macrophages do not adequately reflect the heterogeneity and plasticity of macrophages. Macrophages can support tumor growth through direct interactions with the neoplastic cells, by promoting tissue remodeling and angiogenesis and by inhibiting local immune reactions. To achieve comparability of clinical studies, it will be necessary to reach a consensus nomenclature of macrophage polarization. Furthermore, methods for the quantitative characterization of macrophage populations in malignant tumors will have to be standardized. It is unlikely that single marker immunohistochemistry will be adequate in this context. In any case it is necessary to provide unequivocal information regarding the markers or marker combinations used.
巨噬细胞是恶性肿瘤发病机制和预后的重要因素，也是治疗干预的一个可能靶点。根据肿瘤实体和普遍的极化状态，巨噬细胞可能与良好或不良的临床结果相关。然而，越来越清楚的是，传统的M1极化肿瘤抑制性巨噬细胞和M2极化肿瘤促进性巨噬细胞的定义并不能充分反映巨噬细胞的异质性和可塑性。巨噬细胞可通过与肿瘤细胞直接相互作用、促进组织重塑和血管生成以及抑制局部免疫反应来支持肿瘤生长。为了实现临床研究的可比性，有必要达成巨噬细胞极化的共识命名法。此外，恶性肿瘤中巨噬细胞群体定量表征的方法必须标准化。在这种情况下，单一标志物免疫组织化学不太可能足够。无论如何，有必要提供关于所使用的标志物或标志物组合的确切信息。
