Pardini B J, Lund D D, Schmid P G
Veterans Administration Medical Center, Iowa City, IA 52246.
J Auton Nerv Syst. 1989 Dec;28(3):193-201. doi: 10.1016/0165-1838(89)90146-x.
The origins and organization of cardiac sympathetic postganglionic nerves in the rat were identified in the present investigation. The retrograde tracer, Diamidino Yellow, was injected into the right or left ventricles to label somata in the sympathetic chain. Analysis of all sympathetic ganglia from superior cervical ganglion through the 10th thoracic ganglion indicated that the postganglionic innervation of the rat cardiac ventricles originates bilaterally. The majority of these somata were located in the middle and inferior cervical ganglia (middle cervical-stellate ganglion complex) (approximately 92% of all labelled cells), with lesser contributions from the superior cervical and 4th through 6th thoracic ganglia. To confirm and further quantitate these findings, the middle cervical-stellate ganglion complex was removed (MC-S ganglionectomy) bilaterally or ipsilaterally from the left or right sides, and regional cardiac norepinephrine concentration (left and right atrial appendages and left and right ventricles) was analysed 7 or 28 days later. At both times after bilateral MC-S ganglionectomy, regional cardiac norepinephrine was reduced by 89% to 100%, indicating the removal of almost all cardiac noradrenergic cells of origin and possibly fibers of passage. The results of unilateral MC-S ganglionectomy experiments indicated that the atrial appendages and the left ventricle receive bilateral innervation from the middle cervical-stellate ganglion complex. However, the left middle cervical-stellate ganglion complex appears to contribute a majority of the norepinephrine to the right ventricle. Furthermore, between 7 and 28 days after contralateral MC-S ganglionectomy, atrial appendages, but not ventricles, display significant recovery of norepinephrine content. The present data demonstrate: (1) a bilateral locus of origin of cardiac sympathetic postganglionic neurons, limited longitudinally to cervical through mid-thoracic ganglia, and (2) the ability of the cardiac postganglionic innervation to regenerate after partial denervation. These results demonstrate anatomical evidence for significant bilateral integration of cardiac sympathetic activity at the level of the sympathetic ganglion in the rat.
在本研究中确定了大鼠心脏交感神经节后神经的起源和组织。将逆行示踪剂双脒基黄注入右心室或左心室，以标记交感神经链中的神经元胞体。对从颈上神经节到胸10神经节的所有交感神经节进行分析表明，大鼠心室的节后神经支配起源于双侧。这些神经元胞体大部分位于颈中神经节和颈下神经节（颈中 - 星状神经节复合体）（约占所有标记细胞的92%），颈上神经节以及胸4至胸6神经节的贡献较少。为了证实并进一步量化这些发现，双侧或单侧从左侧或右侧切除颈中 - 星状神经节复合体（MC - S神经节切除术），并在7天或28天后分析局部心脏去甲肾上腺素浓度（左、右心耳以及左、右心室）。双侧MC - S神经节切除术后的两个时间点，局部心脏去甲肾上腺素均降低了89%至100%，表明几乎所有起源于心脏的去甲肾上腺素能细胞以及可能的传导纤维都被去除。单侧MC - S神经节切除术实验的结果表明，心耳和左心室接受来自颈中 - 星状神经节复合体的双侧神经支配。然而，左侧颈中 - 星状神经节复合体似乎为右心室贡献了大部分去甲肾上腺素。此外，在对侧MC - S神经节切除术后7至28天之间，心耳而非心室的去甲肾上腺素含量有显著恢复。目前的数据表明：（1）心脏交感神经节后神经元的双侧起源部位，纵向局限于颈神经节至胸中段神经节；（2）心脏节后神经支配在部分去神经后具有再生能力。这些结果为大鼠交感神经节水平上心脏交感神经活动的显著双侧整合提供了解剖学证据。
