Mansfield Karen L, Banyard Ashley C, McElhinney Lorraine, Johnson Nicholas, Horton Daniel L, Hernández-Triana Luis M, Fooks Anthony R
Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-borne Diseases Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw KT15 3NB, UK.
Wildlife Zoonoses and Vector-borne Diseases Research Group, Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw KT15 3NB, UK.
Vaccine. 2015 Oct 13;33(42):5520-5531. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.08.020. Epub 2015 Aug 19.
Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a mosquito-borne virus, and is the causative agent of Rift Valley fever (RVF), a zoonotic disease characterised by an increased incidence of abortion or foetal malformation in ruminants. Infection in humans can also lead to clinical manifestations that in severe cases cause encephalitis or haemorrhagic fever. The virus is endemic throughout much of the African continent. However, the emergence of RVFV in the Middle East, northern Egypt and the Comoros Archipelago has highlighted that the geographical range of RVFV may be increasing, and has led to the concern that an incursion into Europe may occur. At present, there is a limited range of veterinary vaccines available for use in endemic areas, and there is no licensed human vaccine. In this review, the methods available for diagnosis of RVFV infection, the current status of vaccine development and possible implications for RVFV emergence in Europe, are discussed.
裂谷热病毒（RVFV）是一种由蚊子传播的病毒，是裂谷热（RVF）的病原体，裂谷热是一种人畜共患病，其特征是反刍动物流产或胎儿畸形的发生率增加。人类感染也可导致临床表现，严重时可引起脑炎或出血热。该病毒在非洲大陆大部分地区流行。然而，RVFV在中东、埃及北部和科摩罗群岛的出现突出表明，RVFV的地理范围可能正在扩大，并引发了人们对其可能侵入欧洲的担忧。目前，在流行地区可用的兽用疫苗种类有限，且尚无获批的人用疫苗。在本综述中，讨论了可用于诊断RVFV感染的方法、疫苗开发的现状以及RVFV在欧洲出现可能产生的影响。
