Armstead C A, Lawler K A, Gorden G, Cross J, Gibbons J
St. Louis University.
Health Psychol. 1989;8(5):541-56. doi: 10.1037//0278-6133.8.5.541.
The physiological effects of racism, as a stressor, were examined as they related to blood pressure (BP) and anger experiences in Black college students. Current research has failed to consider the stressful effects of racism as a factor contributing to the higher incidence of essential hypertension among Blacks. Twenty-seven Black college students viewed three excerpts showing racist situations involving Blacks; anger-provoking, nonracist situations; and neutral situations. After each scene, BP was taken, and a mood checklist was administered. The Framingham Anger Scale and the Anger Expression Scale were administered. Analyses revealed that BP significantly increased during the presentation of racist stimuli but not of anger-provoking or neutral stimuli. Self-reports of state anger, as measured by the mood checklist, were significant for both the anger-provoking and racist stimuli. BP scores were significantly correlated to the two trait anger measures. Exposure to racist stimuli was associated with BP increases among Blacks. Such cumulative exposure to racism may have important implications for the etiology of essential hypertension.
作为一种应激源，种族主义对黑人大学生血压（BP）和愤怒情绪的生理影响进行了研究。目前的研究未能将种族主义的应激效应视为导致黑人原发性高血压发病率较高的一个因素。27名黑人大学生观看了三段视频片段，分别展示了涉及黑人的种族主义场景、激怒人的非种族主义场景和中性场景。每个场景之后，测量血压，并进行情绪清单调查。使用了弗雷明汉姆愤怒量表和愤怒表达量表。分析显示，在呈现种族主义刺激时血压显著升高，但在呈现激怒性或中性刺激时血压未升高。通过情绪清单测量的状态愤怒自我报告在激怒性刺激和种族主义刺激中均显著。血压得分与两种特质愤怒测量显著相关。接触种族主义刺激与黑人血压升高有关。这种对种族主义的累积接触可能对原发性高血压的病因具有重要意义。
