Harburg E, Gleiberman L, Russell M, Cooper M L
University of Michigan, Program for Urban Health Research, Ann Arbor 48103.
Psychosom Med. 1991 Mar-Apr;53(2):153-64. doi: 10.1097/00006842-199103000-00005.
Data from a random survey of household residents in the urban area of Buffalo, stratified by race and education, showed relations between anger-coping styles and age-weight adjusted blood pressure (BP) among males (N = 720). Findings show that older black males with a high reflective mode of anger (constrain anger and try to solve the problem) had significantly lower blood pressure than those with low scores on this mode. In contrast, older black males with a high Anger-out mode (impulsive anger strongly expressed) had significantly higher blood pressure than those low on this mode. This Anger-out pattern was also found for older white men; but for younger whites, only higher alcohol and lower education were significantly related to higher BP levels. An Anger-in mode (impulsive anger not expressed) was not significantly related to blood pressure. The limitations of the Anger-in measures are examined. and a concept of a resentful anger style is discussed and presented for further research.
一项对布法罗市区家庭居民进行的随机调查数据，按种族和教育程度分层，显示了男性（N = 720）中愤怒应对方式与年龄体重调整血压（BP）之间的关系。研究结果表明，具有高反思性愤怒模式（抑制愤怒并试图解决问题）的老年黑人男性的血压明显低于该模式得分低的男性。相比之下，具有高愤怒爆发模式（强烈表达冲动性愤怒）的老年黑人男性的血压明显高于该模式得分低的男性。这种愤怒爆发模式在老年白人男性中也有发现；但对于年轻白人，只有饮酒量较高和教育程度较低与较高的血压水平显著相关。愤怒内化模式（不表达冲动性愤怒）与血压没有显著关系。研究了愤怒内化测量方法的局限性。并讨论并提出了一种怨恨愤怒风格的概念以供进一步研究。
