Yi Buqing, Rykova Marina, Jäger Gundula, Feuerecker Matthias, Hörl Marion, Matzel Sandra, Ponomarev Sergey, Vassilieva Galina, Nichiporuk Igor, Choukèr Alexander
Hospital of the University of Munich (LMU), Department of Anesthesiology, Stress and Immunology Lab, Marchioninistrasse 15, 81377 Munich, Germany.
Institute of Biomedical Problems (IBMP), 123007 Moscow, Russia.
Sci Rep. 2015 Aug 26;5:13367. doi: 10.1038/srep13367.
Environmental factors have long been known to influence immune responses. In particular, clinical studies about the association between migration and increased risk of atopy/asthma have provided important information on the role of migration associated large sets of environmental exposures in the development of allergic diseases. However, investigations about environmental effects on immune responses are mostly limited in candidate environmental exposures, such as air pollution. The influences of large sets of environmental exposures on immune responses are still largely unknown. A simulated 520-d Mars mission provided an opportunity to investigate this topic. Six healthy males lived in a closed habitat simulating a spacecraft for 520 days. When they exited their "spacecraft" after the mission, the scenario was similar to that of migration, involving exposure to a new set of environmental pollutants and allergens. We measured multiple immune parameters with blood samples at chosen time points after the mission. At the early adaptation stage, highly enhanced cytokine responses were observed upon ex vivo antigen stimulations. For cell population frequencies, we found the subjects displayed increased neutrophils. These results may presumably represent the immune changes occurred in healthy humans when migrating, indicating that large sets of environmental exposures may trigger aberrant immune activity.
长期以来，人们都知道环境因素会影响免疫反应。特别是，关于移民与特应性/哮喘风险增加之间关联的临床研究，为与移民相关的大量环境暴露在过敏性疾病发展中的作用提供了重要信息。然而，关于环境对免疫反应影响的研究大多局限于候选环境暴露因素，如空气污染。大量环境暴露对免疫反应的影响在很大程度上仍不为人知。一次为期520天的模拟火星任务为研究这一课题提供了机会。六名健康男性在一个模拟航天器的封闭栖息地生活了520天。当他们在任务结束后走出“航天器”时，情况类似于移民，包括接触一系列新的环境污染物和过敏原。我们在任务结束后的选定时间点采集血样，测量了多个免疫参数。在早期适应阶段，体外抗原刺激时观察到细胞因子反应高度增强。对于细胞群体频率，我们发现受试者的中性粒细胞增多。这些结果可能代表了健康人在迁移时发生的免疫变化，表明大量环境暴露可能引发异常免疫活动。
