Urquia Marcelo L, Vang Zoua M, Bolumar Francisco
Centre for Research on Inner City Health, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, Keenan Research Centre, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada; Dalla Lana Faculty of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada.
Sociology Department, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
PLoS One. 2015 Aug 26;10(8):e0136308. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136308. eCollection 2015.
We delved into the selective migration hypothesis on health by comparing birth outcomes of Latin American immigrants giving birth in two receiving countries with dissimilar immigration admission policies: Canada and Spain. We hypothesized that a stronger immigrant selection in Canada will reflect more favourable outcomes among Latin Americans giving birth in Canada than among their counterparts giving birth in Spain.
We conducted a cross-sectional bi-national comparative study. We analyzed birth data of singleton infants born in Canada (2000-2005) (N = 31,767) and Spain (1998-2007) (N = 150,405) to mothers born in Spanish-speaking Latin American countries. We compared mean birthweight at 37-41 weeks gestation, and low birthweight and preterm birth rates between Latin American immigrants to Canada vs. Spain. Regression analysis for aggregate data was used to obtain Odds Ratios and Mean birthweight differences adjusted for infant sex, maternal age, parity, marital status, and father born in same source country.
Latin American women in Canada had heavier newborns than their same-country counterparts giving birth in Spain, overall [adjusted mean birthweight difference: 101 grams; 95% confidence interval (CI): 98, 104], and within each maternal country of origin. Latin American women in Canada had fewer low birthweight and preterm infants than those giving birth in Spain [adjusted Odds Ratio: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.82, 0.94 for low birthweight, and 0.88; 95% CI: 0.84, 0.93 for preterm birth, respectively].
Latin American immigrant women had better birth outcomes in Canada than in Spain, suggesting a more selective migration in Canada than in Spain.
我们通过比较在两个移民接纳政策不同的接收国(加拿大和西班牙)分娩的拉丁美洲移民的出生结局,深入研究了健康方面的选择性移民假说。我们假设,加拿大更强的移民筛选将反映出在加拿大分娩的拉丁美洲人比在西班牙分娩的同龄人有更有利的结局。
我们进行了一项跨国民众比较研究。我们分析了在加拿大(2000 - 2005年)(N = 31,767)和西班牙(1998 - 2007年)(N = 150,405)出生的单胎婴儿的数据,这些婴儿的母亲出生在讲西班牙语的拉丁美洲国家。我们比较了妊娠37 - 41周时的平均出生体重,以及加拿大和西班牙的拉丁美洲移民之间的低出生体重和早产率。对汇总数据进行回归分析,以获得调整了婴儿性别、产妇年龄、产次、婚姻状况以及父亲出生在同一来源国的优势比和平均出生体重差异。
总体而言,在加拿大的拉丁美洲女性所生新生儿比在西班牙分娩的同国女性所生新生儿更重[调整后的平均出生体重差异:101克;95%置信区间(CI):98, 104],在每个母国出生组内也是如此。在加拿大的拉丁美洲女性所生低出生体重和早产婴儿比在西班牙分娩的女性少[低出生体重的调整优势比:0.88;95% CI:0.82, 0.94,早产的调整优势比:0.88;95% CI:0.84, 0.93]。
拉丁美洲移民女性在加拿大的分娩结局比在西班牙更好,这表明加拿大的移民筛选比西班牙更具选择性。