Cognitive Neurophysiology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine of the TU Dresden, Schubertstrasse 42, D-01309 Dresden, Germany.
Institute for Cognitive Neuroscience, Biopsychology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Universitätsstrasse 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany.
Neuroimage. 2015 Dec;123:33-41. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.08.036. Epub 2015 Aug 24.
Both fronto-parietal networks and the basal ganglia play an important role in action cascading. It is well-known that cortical structures mediate sensorimotor transformation for this purpose. The striatum receives extensive input from those cortical structures and has been shown to be modulated by the predictability of cortical input. Until today, it has however remained unclear whether the processing of spatial codes or even sensorimotor transformation processes for the purpose of action cascading involve the striatum. We therefore examined this question by means of fMRI using a stop-change task that varied the predictability as well as the complexity of sensorimotor transformations required for correct responding in the context of action cascading. On the behavioral level, we found that the complexity of sensorimotor transformation processes only prolonged reaction times when the requirement for this transformation was predictable. fMRI results matched this effect showing enhanced activity of the caudate in case a complex sensorimotor transformation could be anticipated. Irrespective of the complexity of the required transformations, the putamen was furthermore involved in the prediction of imminent action cascading demands. Taken together, our findings give rise to a conceptual advance regarding basal ganglia function by showing that the anticipation and, more importantly, processing of complex sensorimotor transformation processes involves the striatum.
额顶网络和基底节在动作级联中都起着重要作用。众所周知，皮质结构为此目的介导感觉运动转换。纹状体从这些皮质结构接收广泛的输入，并已被证明受皮质输入可预测性的调节。直到今天，对于空间编码的处理甚至是动作级联的感觉运动转换过程是否涉及纹状体，仍不清楚。因此，我们使用 fMRI 检查了这个问题，使用停止-变化任务来改变预测性以及正确响应动作级联所需的感觉运动转换的复杂性。在行为水平上，我们发现，只有当这种转换是可预测的时候，感觉运动转换过程的复杂性才会延长反应时间。fMRI 结果与这种效应相匹配，显示出在可以预期复杂的感觉运动转换时，尾状核的活性增强。无论所需转换的复杂性如何，壳核还参与了对即将到来的动作级联需求的预测。总之，我们的发现通过表明对复杂感觉运动转换过程的预期和更重要的是处理涉及纹状体，为基底节功能提供了一个概念上的进展。
