Shenhar Gilead, Rozenfeld Michael, Radomislensky Irina, Peleg Kobi
1Gertner Institute for Health Policy & Epidemiology,National Center for Trauma & Emergency Medicine Research,Ramat-Gan,Israel.
Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2016 Feb;10(1):74-9. doi: 10.1017/dmp.2015.95. Epub 2015 Aug 27.
An effective way to reduce casualties from earthquakes is to increase population preparedness. During 2011 to 2013, Israeli authorities executed 3 national-level earthquake awareness campaigns. We aimed to assess the impact of these campaigns on the populace and the ability of the campaigns to produce a cumulative effect throughout the study period.
Two surveys were conducted 2 weeks after the end of the first campaign and the third campaign in a similar randomly selected representative sample.
Exposure to the campaign proved to be a significant factor in increasing the knowledge of the respondents, giving a knowledge advantage of 1.5 times to respondents exposed to the campaign. However, the period of assessment proved to be an even more significant factor, with knowledge in 2013 being 2.3 times that in 2011. Additionally, a gap of up to 40% between the levels of trust and the perceived responsibility of respective authorities in the times of earthquake was found.
This study found an improvement in public knowledge regarding earthquake preparedness over the 3 years of the study. This may mean that an awareness campaign does not stand by itself, but should be part of an integrated long-term process in order to have a lasting effect on the population.
减少地震伤亡的有效方法是提高民众的防范意识。2011年至2013年期间，以色列当局开展了3次国家级地震防范宣传活动。我们旨在评估这些活动对民众的影响以及这些活动在整个研究期间产生累积效应的能力。
在第一次活动和第三次活动结束两周后，对类似的随机抽取的代表性样本进行了两次调查。
事实证明，接触这些活动是增加受访者知识的一个重要因素，接触活动的受访者的知识优势是未接触者的1.5倍。然而，评估时间被证明是一个更重要的因素，2013年的知识水平是2011年的2.3倍。此外，还发现了在地震发生时民众对各相关当局的信任程度和感知责任之间高达40%的差距。
本研究发现，在研究的3年中，公众对地震防范的知识有所提高。这可能意味着，一场宣传活动不能孤立存在，而应该成为一个长期综合过程的一部分，以便对民众产生持久影响。
