肾移植相关变化及困难分析：一项定性研究
Analysis of the changes and difficulties arising from kidney transplantation: a qualitative study.
作者信息
de Brito Daniela Cristina Sampaio, de Paula Alessandra Moregola, Grincenkov Fabiane Rossi dos Santos, Lucchetti Giancarlo, Sanders-Pinheiro Hélady
机构信息
Centro Universitário UNA Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, MG, BR.
Prevent Senior Private Operadora de Saude, São Paulo, SP, BR.
出版信息
Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 2015 May-Jun;23(3):419-26. doi: 10.1590/0104-1169.0106.2571.
OBJECTIVE
to identify the main gains and stressors perceived by the patient, one year subsequent to kidney transplantation.
METHOD
a qualitative study, in which the data were obtained and analyzed through the Discourse of the Collective Subject and frequency counting, with the participation of 50 patients who had received kidney transplantation.
RESULTS
the sample presented a mean age of 44±12.8 years old, and a predominance of males (62%). The principal positive changes provided by the transplant were: return to activities; freedom/independence; well-being and health; strengthening of the I; and closening of interpersonal relationships. The most-cited stressors were: fear; medication; excess of care/control; specific characteristics of the treatment; and failure to return to the social roles.
CONCLUSION
kidney transplantation caused various positive changes in the patient's routine, with the return to activities of daily living being the most important gain, in the participants' opinion. In relation to the stressors, fear related to loss of the graft, and questions relating to the immunosuppressive medication were the main challenges to be faced following transplantation.
目的
确定肾移植术后一年患者所感知到的主要收获和压力源。
方法
一项定性研究，通过集体主体话语和频率计数获取并分析数据，有50名接受肾移植的患者参与。
结果
样本的平均年龄为44±12.8岁，男性占主导（62%）。移植带来的主要积极变化有：恢复活动；自由/独立；幸福与健康；自我强化；以及人际关系的密切。最常被提及的压力源有：恐惧；药物治疗；过度的照料/控制；治疗的特殊特性；以及未能回归社会角色。
结论
肾移植给患者的日常生活带来了各种积极变化，在参与者看来，恢复日常生活活动是最重要的收获。关于压力源，与移植肾丢失相关的恐惧以及免疫抑制药物相关的问题是移植后要面对的主要挑战。
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