Schuyler Ashley C, Edelstein Zoe R, Mathur Sanyukta, Sekasanvu Joseph, Nalugoda Fred, Gray Ronald, Wawer Maria J, Serwadda David M, Santelli John S
a Mailman School of Public Health , Columbia University , New York , NY , USA.
b School of Social Work , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA.
Glob Public Health. 2017 Aug;12(8):1033-1050. doi: 10.1080/17441692.2015.1074715. Epub 2015 Aug 27.
Mobility, including migration and travel, influences risk of HIV. This study examined time trends and characteristics among mobile youth (15-24 years) in rural Uganda, and the relationship between mobility and risk factors for HIV. We used data from an annual household census and population-based cohort study in the Rakai district, Uganda. Data on in-migration and out-migration were collected among youth (15-24 years) from 43 communities from 1999 to 2011 (N = 112,117 observations) and travel among youth residents from 2003 to 2008 (N = 18,318 observations). Migration and travel were more common among young women than young men. One in five youth reported out-migration. Over time, out-migration increased among youth and in-migration remained largely stable. Primary reasons for migration included work, living with friends or family, and marriage. Recent travel within Uganda was common and increased slightly over time in teen women (15-19 years old), and young adult men and women (20-24 years old). Mobile youth were more likely to report HIV-risk behaviours including: alcohol use, sexual experience, multiple partners, and inconsistent condom use. Our findings suggest that among rural Ugandan youth, mobility is increasingly common and associated with HIV-risk factors. Knowledge of patterns and characteristics of a young, high-risk mobile population has important implications for HIV interventions.
流动性，包括移民和旅行，会影响感染艾滋病毒的风险。本研究调查了乌干达农村地区流动青年（15至24岁）的时间趋势和特征，以及流动性与艾滋病毒风险因素之间的关系。我们使用了乌干达拉凯区一项年度家庭普查和基于人群的队列研究的数据。1999年至2011年期间，收集了来自43个社区的青年（15至24岁）的迁入和迁出数据（N = 112,117份观察资料），以及2003年至2008年期间青年居民的旅行数据（N = 18,318份观察资料）。年轻女性的移民和旅行比年轻男性更为常见。五分之一的青年报告有迁出情况。随着时间的推移，青年中的迁出人数增加，而迁入人数基本保持稳定。移民的主要原因包括工作、与朋友或家人同住以及结婚。近期在乌干达境内的旅行很常见，并且在青少年女性（15至19岁）以及青年男性和女性（20至24岁）中随时间略有增加。流动青年更有可能报告艾滋病毒风险行为，包括：饮酒、性经历、多个性伴侣以及不坚持使用避孕套。我们的研究结果表明，在乌干达农村青年中，流动性越来越普遍，并且与艾滋病毒风险因素相关。了解年轻的高风险流动人群的模式和特征对艾滋病毒干预措施具有重要意义。
