Islam Hashim, Yorgason Nick J, Hazell Tom J
a Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Faculty of Science , Wilfrid Laurier University , Waterloo , Ontario , Canada N2L 3C5.
b Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, Faculty of Arts and Science , University of Lethbridge , Lethbridge , Alberta , Canada T1K 3M4.
Eur J Sport Sci. 2016 Sep;16(6):685-93. doi: 10.1080/17461391.2015.1071877. Epub 2015 Aug 27.
The insulin response following carbohydrate ingestion enhances creatine transport into muscle. Cinnamon extract is promoted to have insulin-like effects, therefore this study examined if creatine co-ingestion with carbohydrates or cinnamon extract improved anaerobic capacity, muscular strength, and muscular endurance. Active young males (n = 25; 23.7 ± 2.5 y) were stratified into 3 groups: (1) creatine only (CRE); (2) creatine+ 70 g carbohydrate (CHO); or (3) creatine+ 500 mg cinnamon extract (CIN), based on anaerobic capacity (peak power·kg(-1)) and muscular strength at baseline. Three weeks of supplementation consisted of a 5 d loading phase (20 g/d) and a 16 d maintenance phase (5 g/d). Pre- and post-supplementation measures included a 30-s Wingate and a 30-s maximal running test (on a self-propelled treadmill) for anaerobic capacity. Muscular strength was measured as the one-repetition maximum 1-RM for chest, back, quadriceps, hamstrings, and leg press. Additional sets of the number of repetitions performed at 60% 1-RM until fatigue measured muscular endurance. All three groups significantly improved Wingate relative peak power (CRE: 15.4% P = .004; CHO: 14.6% P = .004; CIN: 15.7%, P = .003), and muscular strength for chest (CRE: 6.6% P < .001; CHO: 6.7% P < .001; CIN: 6.4% P < .001), back (CRE: 5.8% P < .001; CHO: 6.4% P < .001; CIN: 8.1% P < .001), and leg press (CRE: 11.7% P = .013; CHO: 10.0% P = .007; CIN: 17.3% P < .001). Only the CRE (10.4%, P = .021) and CIN (15.5%, P < .001) group improved total muscular endurance. No differences existed between groups post-supplementation. These findings demonstrate that three different methods of creatine ingestion lead to similar changes in anaerobic power, strength, and endurance.
摄入碳水化合物后产生的胰岛素反应可增强肌酸向肌肉的转运。肉桂提取物被认为具有类似胰岛素的作用，因此本研究探讨了同时摄入肌酸与碳水化合物或肉桂提取物是否能提高无氧能力、肌肉力量和肌肉耐力。根据无氧能力（峰值功率·kg⁻¹）和基线时的肌肉力量，将活跃的年轻男性（n = 25；23.7±2.5岁）分为3组：（1）仅补充肌酸（CRE）；（2）肌酸 + 70克碳水化合物（CHO）；或（3）肌酸 + 500毫克肉桂提取物（CIN）。为期三周的补充包括5天的负荷期（20克/天）和16天的维持期（5克/天）。补充前后的测量包括30秒温盖特测试和30秒最大跑步测试（在自行式跑步机上）以评估无氧能力。肌肉力量通过胸部、背部、股四头肌、腿筋和腿举的一次重复最大值1-RM来测量。在60% 1-RM下进行重复次数直至疲劳，额外的重复次数组用于测量肌肉耐力。所有三组的温盖特相对峰值功率均显著提高（CRE：15.4%，P = 0.004；CHO：14.6%，P = 0.004；CIN：15.7%，P = 0.003），胸部（CRE：6.6%，P < 0.001；CHO：6.7%，P < 0.001；CIN：6.4%，P < 0.001）、背部（CRE：5.8%，P < 0.001；CHO：6.4%，P < 0.001；CIN：8.1%，P < 0.001）和腿举（CRE：11.7%，P = 0.013；CHO：10.0%，P = 0.007；CIN：17.3%，P < 0.001）的肌肉力量也显著提高。只有CRE组（10.4%，P = 0.021）和CIN组（15.5%，P < 0.001）的总肌肉耐力有所提高。补充后各组之间无差异。这些发现表明，三种不同的肌酸摄入方法在无氧功率、力量和耐力方面导致了相似的变化。
