Nuzzo James L, Pinto Matheus D, Nosaka Kazunori, Steele James
Centre for Human Performance, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, 270 Joondalup Drive, Joondalup, WA, 6027, Australia.
School of Sport, Health, and Social Sciences, Solent University, Southampton, UK.
Sports Med. 2024 Feb;54(2):303-321. doi: 10.1007/s40279-023-01937-7. Epub 2023 Oct 4.
The maximal number of repetitions that can be completed at various percentages of the one repetition maximum (1RM) [REPS ~ %1RM relationship] is foundational knowledge in resistance exercise programming. The current REPS ~ %1RM relationship is based on few studies and has not incorporated uncertainty into estimations or accounted for between-individuals variation. Therefore, we conducted a meta-regression to estimate the mean and between-individuals standard deviation of the number of repetitions that can be completed at various percentages of 1RM. We also explored if the REPS ~ %1RM relationship is moderated by sex, age, training status, and/or exercise. A total of 952 repetitions-to-failure tests, completed by 7289 individuals in 452 groups from 269 studies, were identified. Study groups were predominantly male (66%), healthy (97%), < 59 years of age (92%), and resistance trained (60%). The bench press (42%) and leg press (14%) were the most commonly studied exercises. The REPS ~ %1RM relationship for mean repetitions and standard deviation of repetitions were best described using natural cubic splines and a linear model, respectively, with mean and standard deviation for repetitions decreasing with increasing %1RM. More repetitions were evident in the leg press than bench press across the loading spectrum, thus separate REPS ~ %1RM tables were developed for these two exercises. Analysis of moderators suggested little influences of sex, age, or training status on the REPS ~ %1RM relationship, thus the general main model REPS ~ %1RM table can be applied to all individuals and to all exercises other than the bench press and leg press. More data are needed to develop REPS ~ %1RM tables for other exercises.
在不同百分比的一次重复最大值（1RM）下能够完成的最大重复次数[重复次数与1RM百分比的关系（REPS ~ %1RM关系）]是抗阻训练计划的基础知识。当前的REPS ~ %1RM关系基于少数研究，并且在估计中未纳入不确定性，也未考虑个体间差异。因此，我们进行了一项元回归分析，以估计在1RM的不同百分比下能够完成的重复次数的均值和个体间标准差。我们还探讨了REPS ~ %1RM关系是否受到性别、年龄、训练状态和/或运动的调节。共确定了来自269项研究的452个组中的7289名个体完成的952次力竭重复测试。研究组主要为男性（66%）、健康人群（97%）、年龄小于59岁（92%）且经过抗阻训练（60%）。卧推（42%）和腿举（14%）是研究最普遍的运动。均值重复次数和重复次数标准差的REPS ~ %1RM关系分别使用自然三次样条和线性模型进行最佳描述，重复次数的均值和标准差均随着1RM百分比的增加而降低。在整个负荷范围内，腿举比卧推能完成更多的重复次数，因此为这两项运动分别制定了REPS ~ %1RM表格。调节因素分析表明，性别、年龄或训练状态对REPS ~ %1RM关系影响不大，因此通用的主要模型REPS ~ %1RM表格可应用于所有个体以及除卧推和腿举之外的所有运动。需要更多数据来制定其他运动的REPS ~ %1RM表格。
