CART, Organic and Biological Analytical Chemistry Group, Chemistry Department, University of Liège, Allée de la Chimie 3, B6c Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liège, Belgium.
CART, Organic and Biological Analytical Chemistry Group, Chemistry Department, University of Liège, Allée de la Chimie 3, B6c Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liège, Belgium; Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Ambientale, del Territorio, Edile e di Chimica, Politecnico di Bari, Via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Bari "Aldo Moro", via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
Chemosphere. 2015 Nov;139:525-33. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.07.043. Epub 2015 Aug 24.
Dechloranes, including Dechlorane Plus (syn- and anti-isomers), Dechlorane 602, Dechlorane 603, Dechlorane 604, Chlordene Plus, and Mirex are used as flame-retardants and were recently found in human serum of the European population. In order to investigate if food consumption would possibly be a significant route of exposure, we developed a method for the measurement of Dechloranes in food and feed. We showed that it was possible to extend the scope of the regular polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), dioxin like (DL-), and non-dioxin like (NDL-) regulated PCBs clean-up and fractionation procedure to Dechloranes and that no compound degradation occurred during the strong acidic treatments used for lipid digestion. Dechloranes were measured by gas chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-QQQMS/MS). We optimized injection parameters by face centered experimental design (FCD). The electron ionization fragmentation was investigated to set appropriate multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) transitions. Instrumental and method limits of quantitation (iLOQs and mLOQs) were determined following EU guidelines for dioxin analyses in food. A total of 88 samples were analyzed to assess the prevalence of this route of exposure to humans. Average levels of the sum of Dechloranes ranged from 10 to 31pg/g fat, with the exception of fish, feed additives, and corn that were reported in pg/g wet weight at average levels of 9, 12, and 2pg/g ww. Based on Belgian food habits, a dietary intake was estimated to be 136pg/day. The relatively low reported levels indicate that other routes of human exposure should be considered.
短链氯化石蜡（Dechloranes），包括 Dechlorane Plus（顺式和反式异构体）、Dechlorane 602、Dechlorane 603、Dechlorane 604、Chlordene Plus 和 Mirex，被用作阻燃剂，最近在欧洲人群的血清中被发现。为了研究食物消费是否可能是一个重要的暴露途径，我们开发了一种用于测量食品和饲料中 Dechloranes 的方法。我们表明，可以将常规多氯二苯并对二恶英（PCDDs）、多氯二苯并呋喃（PCDFs）、类二恶英（DL-）和非类二恶英（NDL-）调节 PCB 的净化和分离程序扩展到 Dechloranes，并且在用于脂质消化的强酸处理过程中没有发生化合物降解。Dechloranes 通过气相色谱法与三重四极杆质谱（GC-QQQMS/MS）联用进行测量。我们通过中心复合设计（CCD）优化了进样参数。通过电子电离碎片化研究，确定了适当的多反应监测（MRM）跃迁。仪器和方法定量限（iLOQ 和 mLOQ）是按照欧盟食品中二恶英分析指南确定的。共分析了 88 个样本，以评估这种暴露途径对人类的普遍性。Dechloranes 总和的平均水平范围从 10 到 31pg/g 脂肪，除了鱼类、饲料添加剂和玉米，它们以平均 9、12 和 2pg/g 湿重报告。根据比利时的饮食习惯，估计每天的摄入量为 136pg。相对较低的报告水平表明，应考虑其他人类暴露途径。
