Lacoste C, Nansen C, Thompson S, Moir-Barnetson L, Mian A, McNee M, Flower K C
The University of Western Australia, School of Plant Biology, The UWA Institute of Agriculture, 35 Stirling Hwy., Crawley, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
The University of Western Australia, School of Animal Biology, The UWA Institute of Agriculture, 35 Stirling Hwy., Crawley, Perth, Western Australia 6009, Australia. Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Briggs Hall, Room 367, Davis, CA.
Environ Entomol. 2015 Jun;44(3):610-8. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvv024. Epub 2015 Mar 22.
Frost is known to directly affect flowering wheat plants (Triticum aestivum L.) and lead to reduced grain yield. Additionally, it may increase wheat susceptibility to economically important pests, such as aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Wheat plants at flowering stage were exposed to one of the three temperature treatments: ambient (11-12°C), 0°C, and -3°C for 60 min. Preference (3-choice) and performance (no-choice) bioassays with aphids (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) were conducted 1, 3, 6, and 12 d after temperature treatments to assess effects of temperature-induced stress over time. As an initial feasibility study of using remote sensing technologies to detect frost-induced stress in flowering wheat plants, hyperspectral imaging data were acquired from wheat plants used in preference bioassays. Element analysis of wheat plants was included to determine the effect of temperature-induced stress on the nutritional composition of flowering wheat plants. The results from this study support the following cause-effect scenario: a 60-min exposure to low temperatures caused a significant decrease in potassium and copper content of wheat plants 6 d after temperature exposure, and it coincided with a marked increase in preference by aphids of wheat plants. The preference exhibited by aphids correlated positively with performance of aphids, so the preference-performance hypothesis was confirmed and possibly driven by potassium and copper content of wheat plants. In addition, we demonstrated that hyperspectral imaging data can be used to detect frost-induced susceptibility to aphid infestation in flowering wheat plants. These findings justify further research into airborne remote sensing of frost-induced stress and the possible secondary effects on crop susceptibility to arthropod pests.
众所周知，霜冻会直接影响处于花期的小麦植株（普通小麦）并导致谷物产量降低。此外，它可能会增加小麦对诸如蚜虫（半翅目：蚜科）等具有经济重要性害虫的易感性。处于花期的小麦植株接受了三种温度处理之一：环境温度（11 - 12°C）、0°C和 - 3°C，处理时长为60分钟。在温度处理后的1、3、6和12天，对蚜虫（麦长管蚜）进行了偏好性（三选一）和性能（无选择）生物测定，以评估温度诱导胁迫随时间的影响。作为使用遥感技术检测花期小麦植株霜冻诱导胁迫的初步可行性研究，从偏好性生物测定中使用的小麦植株获取了高光谱成像数据。纳入了小麦植株的元素分析，以确定温度诱导胁迫对花期小麦植株营养成分的影响。本研究结果支持以下因果关系情景：暴露于低温60分钟导致温度暴露6天后小麦植株的钾和铜含量显著下降，并且这与蚜虫对小麦植株的偏好显著增加同时发生。蚜虫表现出的偏好与蚜虫的性能呈正相关，因此偏好 - 性能假说得到证实，并且可能由小麦植株的钾和铜含量驱动。此外，我们证明了高光谱成像数据可用于检测花期小麦植株对蚜虫侵害的霜冻诱导易感性。这些发现为进一步研究机载遥感霜冻诱导胁迫以及对作物对节肢动物害虫易感性可能产生的次生影响提供了依据。
