Prasek Karolina, Płazińska Maria Teresa, Królicki Leszek
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Poland.
Nucl Med Rev Cent East Eur. 2015;18(2):110-6. doi: 10.5603/NMR.2015.0026.
Graves' disease is an autoimmune disease. It accounts for 50-80% of cases of hyperthyroidism. Antibodies against the TSH receptor (TRAb) are responsible for hyperthyroidism (TRAB). The key role in monitoring and diagnosis of Graves' disease plays the level of hormones of free thyroxine and triiodothyronine. Helpful is an ultrasound of the thyroid scintigraphy which due to its functional character is both a valuable addition to morphological studies as well as plays an important role in the diagnosis and therapy in patients with Graves' disease. There is no perfect treatment for Graves' disease. The reason for this is the lack of therapy directed against primary pathogenic mechanisms. Currently available treatments need to be thoroughly discussed during the first visit as the patient's understanding of the choice of a treatment constitutes a vital role in the success of therapy. Graves' disease treatment is based on three types of therapies that have been carried out for decades including: pharmacological treatment anti-thyroid drugs, I131 therapy and radical treatment - thyroidectomy. The purpose of the treatment is to control symptoms and patient to return to euthyreosis. Treatment of Graves' disease is of great importance because if left untreated, it can lead to long-term harmful effects on the heart, bone and mental well-being of patients.
格雷夫斯病是一种自身免疫性疾病。它占甲状腺功能亢进病例的50 - 80%。针对促甲状腺激素受体（TRAb）的抗体导致甲状腺功能亢进（TRAB）。游离甲状腺素和三碘甲状腺原氨酸激素水平在格雷夫斯病的监测和诊断中起关键作用。甲状腺闪烁扫描超声检查很有帮助，由于其功能特性，它既是形态学研究的重要补充，在格雷夫斯病患者的诊断和治疗中也发挥着重要作用。目前尚无针对格雷夫斯病的完美治疗方法。原因是缺乏针对主要致病机制的治疗。由于患者对治疗选择的理解对治疗成功至关重要，因此在首次就诊时需要充分讨论目前可用的治疗方法。格雷夫斯病的治疗基于已经实施了数十年的三种治疗方法，包括：药物治疗（抗甲状腺药物）、I131治疗和根治性治疗——甲状腺切除术。治疗的目的是控制症状并使患者恢复甲状腺功能正常。格雷夫斯病的治疗非常重要，因为如果不治疗，它会对患者的心脏、骨骼和心理健康产生长期有害影响。
