Terres Maria A, Lawrence Emma, Hosack Geoffrey R, Haywood Michael D E, Babcock Russell C
Department of Statistics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America.
Digital Productivity Flagship, CSIRO, Dutton Park, Queensland, Australia.
PLoS One. 2015 Aug 28;10(8):e0136799. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136799. eCollection 2015.
Baited Underwater Video (BUV) systems have become increasingly popular for assessing marine biodiversity. These systems provide video footage from which biologists can identify the individual fish species present. Here we explore the relevance of spatial dependence and marine park boundaries while estimating the distribution and habitat associations of the commercially and recreationally important snapper species Chrysophrys auratus in Moreton Bay Marine Park during a period when new Marine National Parks zoned as no-take or "green" areas (i.e., areas with no legal fishing) were introduced. BUV studies typically enforce a minimum distance among BUV sites, and then assume that observations from different sites are independent conditional on the measured covariates. In this study, we additionally incorporated the spatial dependence among BUV sites into the modelling framework. This modelling approach allowed us to test whether or not the incorporation of highly correlated environmental covariates or the geographic placement of BUV sites produced spatial dependence, which if unaccounted for could lead to model bias. We fitted Bayesian logistic models with and without spatial random effects to determine if the Marine National Park boundaries and available environmental covariates had an effect on snapper presence and habitat preference. Adding the spatial dependence component had little effect on the resulting model parameter estimates that emphasized positive association for particular coastal habitat types by snapper. Strong positive relationships between the presence of snapper and rock habitat, particularly rocky substrate composed of indurated freshwater sediments known as coffee rock, and kelp habitat reinforce the consideration of habitat availability in marine reserve design and the design of any associated monitoring programs.
诱饵水下视频（BUV）系统在评估海洋生物多样性方面越来越受欢迎。这些系统提供视频片段，生物学家可以从中识别出存在的个体鱼类物种。在此，我们探讨空间依赖性和海洋公园边界的相关性，同时在新的海洋国家公园划定为禁捕或“绿色”区域（即无合法捕鱼区域）期间，估计莫顿湾海洋公园中具有商业和娱乐重要性的笛鲷物种金头笛鲷的分布和栖息地关联。BUV研究通常会在BUV站点之间强制设定最小距离，然后假设不同站点的观测在测量的协变量条件下是独立的。在本研究中，我们还将BUV站点之间的空间依赖性纳入建模框架。这种建模方法使我们能够测试纳入高度相关的环境协变量或BUV站点的地理位置是否会产生空间依赖性，若不考虑这一点可能导致模型偏差。我们拟合了有无空间随机效应的贝叶斯逻辑模型，以确定海洋国家公园边界和可用的环境协变量是否对笛鲷的出现和栖息地偏好有影响。添加空间依赖性成分对所得模型参数估计影响不大，这些估计强调了笛鲷对特定沿海栖息地类型的正相关关系。笛鲷的出现与岩石栖息地，特别是由称为咖啡岩的硬淡水沉积物组成的岩石基质以及海带栖息地之间的强正相关关系，强化了在海洋保护区设计以及任何相关监测计划设计中对栖息地可用性的考虑。
