Institute for Quantum Electronics, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
Phys Rev Lett. 2015 Aug 14;115(7):073002. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.073002. Epub 2015 Aug 13.
We demonstrate a versatile method for creating state-dependent optical lattices by applying a magnetic field gradient modulated in time. This allows for tuning the relative amplitude and sign of the tunneling for different internal states. We observe substantially different momentum distributions depending on the spin state of fermionic ^{40}K atoms. Using dipole oscillations, we probe the spin-dependent band structure and find good agreement with theory. In situ expansion dynamics demonstrate that one state can be completely localized while others remain itinerant. A systematic study shows negligible heating and lifetimes of several seconds in the Hubbard regime.
我们展示了一种通过施加时间调制的磁场梯度来创建依赖于状态的光学晶格的通用方法。这允许针对不同的内部状态来调整隧穿的相对幅度和符号。我们观察到取决于费米子^{40}K 原子的自旋状态的截然不同的动量分布。通过偶极子振荡，我们探测了自旋相关的能带结构，并发现与理论很好地符合。原位扩展动力学表明，一个状态可以完全局域化，而其他状态仍然是巡游的。系统研究表明在哈伯德 regime 中加热可以忽略不计，寿命可达数秒。
