Nepgen E S, Hill M P, Moore S D
X Sterile Insect Technique, P.O. Box 86, Kirkwood 6120, South Africa. Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.
Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, PO Box 94, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.
J Econ Entomol. 2015 Dec;108(6):2610-9. doi: 10.1093/jee/tov246. Epub 2015 Aug 28.
The effect of cold immobilization and long-distance transport of irradiated Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick) on the flight ability of male (♂) and female (♀) moths, the longevity of male and female moths, and the realized fecundity of mating pairs CIM (chilled irradiated moths) ♀ × CIM♂, CIM♀ × NIP (nonirradiated pupae) ♂, NIP♀ × CIM♂, and NIP♀ × NIP♂ was examined to improve application of the sterile insect technique (SIT). Adult moths treated with 150 Gy of gamma radiation were immobilized with cold temperature between 4 and 6°C inside a polyurethane cooler box and transported for 12 h by road from Citrusdal, Western Cape Province, to Addo, Eastern Cape Province. Nonirradiated moths were transported as pupae inside a cardboard tray and removed by hand after which male and female pupae were separated and placed inside containers for eclosion. Male and female moths were individually placed inside petri dishes to determine longevity or paired with irradiated and nonirradiated counterparts to evaluate realized fecundity before incubation in 100% darkness at 25°C and 75% relative humidity. Flight tests were conducted indoors at 25°C by release of individual moths per hand. A significant decrease in flight ability and longevity of irradiated false codling moth was found after handling, cold immobilization, and transport, although critically, realized fecundity was not affected. Because of the impact of long-distance transport on quality of the released insects as well as the efficacy of SIT, comprehensive protocols for this critical step in the process need to be developed for a pestiferous insect with phytosanitary status such as false codling moth.
为改进不育昆虫技术（SIT）的应用，研究了对经辐照的柑橘小实蝇（Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick)）进行低温固定和长途运输，对雄蛾（♂）和雌蛾（♀）飞行能力、雌雄蛾寿命以及交配组合CIM（低温辐照蛾）♀×CIM♂、CIM♀×NIP（未辐照蛹）♂、NIP♀×CIM♂和NIP♀×NIP♂实际繁殖力的影响。用150戈瑞伽马射线辐照处理的成虫在聚氨酯冷藏箱内于4至6°C低温下固定，并通过公路从西开普省的柑橘谷运输12小时至东开普省的阿多大象国家公园。未辐照的蛾子作为蛹放在纸板托盘内运输，之后手工取出，将雌雄蛹分开并放入容器中羽化。将雄蛾和雌蛾分别放入培养皿中以确定寿命，或与辐照和未辐照的对应个体配对，以评估在25°C、相对湿度75%且完全黑暗条件下孵化前的实际繁殖力。飞行试验在25°C的室内通过逐只放飞蛾子进行。结果发现，经处理、低温固定和运输后，辐照后的柑橘小实蝇飞行能力和寿命显著下降，不过关键的是，实际繁殖力未受影响。由于长途运输对释放昆虫质量以及不育昆虫技术效果有影响，对于像柑橘小实蝇这种具有植物检疫地位的害虫，需要针对这一关键步骤制定全面的方案。
