The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Ltd., PB 4704, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
J Econ Entomol. 2011 Aug;104(4):1301-8. doi: 10.1603/ec10394.
Light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is the target of the sterile insect technique, but reduced moth fitness from irradiation lowers the effective overflooding ratio of sterile to wild moths. New measures of insect quality are being sought to improve field performance of irradiated insects, thus improving the cost effectiveness of this technique. Male pupae were irradiated at intervals between 0 and 300 Gy, and adult flight success was assessed in a wind tunnel equipped with flight track recording software. A dose response was evident with reduced successful search behaviors at higher irradiation doses. Irradiation at 250 Gy reduced arrival success to 49% of untreated controls, during 2-min assays. Mark-release-recapture of males irradiated at 250 Gy indicated reduced male moth recapture in hedgerows (75% of control values of 7.22% +/- 1.20 [SEM] males recaptured) and in vineyards (78% of control values 10.5% +/- 1.66% [SEM] recaptured). Males dispersed similar distances in both habitats, and overflooding ratios dropped off rapidly from the release point in both landscapes. Transects of traps with central releases proved to be an efficient method for measuring the quality of released males. Relative field performance of moths was greater than suggested by wind tunnel performance, which could be due to time differences between the two assays, two-minute wind tunnel tests compared with days in the field treatments. Release strategies involving ground releases should consider the effect of limited postrelease dispersal. Aerial release could solve this problem and warrants investigation.
浅褐通目天蛾，Epiphyas postvittana (Walker)（鳞翅目：卷蛾科），是不育昆虫技术的目标，但辐照导致的蛾类适应能力下降会降低不育与野生蛾类的有效超量比。正在寻求新的昆虫质量衡量标准，以提高辐照昆虫的田间性能，从而提高该技术的成本效益。雄性蛹在 0 至 300 Gy 之间间隔辐照，并在配备飞行轨迹记录软件的风洞中评估成虫的飞行成功率。结果表明，随着辐照剂量的增加，成功搜索行为的减少呈剂量反应。250 Gy 的辐照使 2 分钟测试中未处理对照的到达成功率降低到 49%。对 250 Gy 辐照的雄性进行标记释放再捕获的结果表明，在树篱（控制值的 7.22% +/- 1.20[SEM]雄性的 75%被捕获）和葡萄园（控制值的 10.5% +/- 1.66%[SEM]雄性的 78%被捕获）中雄性天蛾的捕获率降低。在这两种生境中，雄性的扩散距离相似，在这两种景观中，超量比从释放点迅速下降。在有中心释放的诱捕器的横截线上进行证明是测量释放雄性质量的有效方法。与风洞性能相比，昆虫的相对田间性能更高，这可能是由于两种测定之间的时间差异，两分钟的风洞试验与田间处理的天数相比。涉及地面释放的释放策略应考虑到释放后扩散有限的影响。空中释放可以解决这个问题，值得进一步研究。
