Kocaman Ayşe Yavuz, Bucak Sevcan
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey
Department of Biology, Basic and Applied Sciences Institute, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
Toxicol Ind Health. 2016 Dec;32(12):1927-1934. doi: 10.1177/0748233715595142. Epub 2015 Aug 28.
Flumetralin, a synthetic plant growth regulator with herbicidal activity belonging to the 2,6-dinitroaniline class of chemicals, has been evaluated for its ability to induce genotoxicity in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs). The potential genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of flumetralin were investigated in vitro by chromosome aberration (CA) and cytokinesis-block micronucleus assays. Human PBLs were treated with 125, 250, 500, and 1000 µg/mL flumetralin for 24 and 48 h. Flumetralin statistically significantly increased the frequency of structural CAs at the three highest concentrations (250, 500, and 1000 µg/mL) for both treatment periods (24 and 48 h) when compared with both the negative and solvent controls. In addition, micronucleus formation was significantly induced at higher concentrations (250, 500, and 1000 µg/mL) for 24 h and at 125 and 500 µg/mL of flumetralin for the 48-h treatment period compared with the controls. Because of the excessive cytostatic effects of flumetralin, binuclear cells could not be detected sufficiently at the highest two concentrations (500 and 1000 µg/mL) for the 48-h treatment period. Furthermore, flumetralin significantly decreased the mitotic index and nuclear division index for all concentrations and treatment times compared with the control groups. The present results indicate that flumetralin was clastogenic and cytotoxic/cytostatic to human PBLs. This study presents the first report of the genotoxic and cytotoxic properties of flumetralin.
氟乐灵是一种具有除草活性的合成植物生长调节剂，属于2,6 -二硝基苯胺类化学品，已对其在人外周血淋巴细胞（PBLs）中诱导遗传毒性的能力进行了评估。通过染色体畸变（CA）和胞质分裂阻滞微核试验在体外研究了氟乐灵的潜在遗传毒性和细胞毒性作用。将人PBLs用125、250、500和1000μg/mL的氟乐灵处理24小时和48小时。与阴性对照和溶剂对照相比，在两个处理时间段（24小时和48小时），氟乐灵在三个最高浓度（250、500和1000μg/mL）下均使结构CA的频率有统计学显著增加。此外，与对照组相比，在24小时处理时，较高浓度（250、500和1000μg/mL）以及在48小时处理时125和500μg/mL的氟乐灵均显著诱导了微核形成。由于氟乐灵的过度细胞抑制作用，在48小时处理的最高两个浓度（500和1000μg/mL）下，双核细胞未得到充分检测。此外，与对照组相比，氟乐灵在所有浓度和处理时间下均显著降低了有丝分裂指数和核分裂指数。目前的结果表明，氟乐灵对人PBLs具有致断裂性和细胞毒性/细胞抑制性。本研究首次报道了氟乐灵的遗传毒性和细胞毒性特性。
