Ahmed Faheem, House Robert James, Feldman Brad Hal
Wills Eye Hospital, 840 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
San Juan Bautista School of Medicine, Caguas, PR 00727, USA.
Prim Care. 2015 Sep;42(3):363-75. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2015.05.004. Epub 2015 Jul 31.
Corneal abrasions and corneal foreign bodies are frequently encountered ophthalmological injuries that are commonly diagnosed and managed by primary care physicians. The clinical course of a corneal epithelial defect can range from a relatively benign self-healing abrasion to a potentially sight-threatening complication such as a corneal ulcer, recurrent erosion, or traumatic iritis. A detailed clinical history regarding risk factors and exposure, along with a thorough slit lamp examination with fluorescein dye are essential for proper diagnosis and treatment, as well as to rule out penetrating globe injuries. Referral to an ophthalmologist is recommended in difficult cases or if other injuries are suspected.
角膜擦伤和角膜异物是常见的眼科损伤，初级保健医生通常能够对其进行诊断和处理。角膜上皮缺损的临床病程范围较广，从相对良性的可自愈擦伤，到可能威胁视力的并发症，如角膜溃疡、复发性角膜糜烂或外伤性虹膜炎。详细了解有关危险因素和暴露情况的临床病史，以及使用荧光素染料进行全面的裂隙灯检查，对于正确诊断和治疗以及排除眼球穿通伤至关重要。在遇到困难病例或怀疑有其他损伤时，建议转诊至眼科医生处。
