Balconi Michela, Vanutelli Maria Elide
Research Unit in Affective and Social Neuroscience, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Milan, Italy.
Department of Psychology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Milan, Largo Gemelli, 1, 20123, Milan, Italy.
Brain Imaging Behav. 2016 Sep;10(3):750-60. doi: 10.1007/s11682-015-9443-z.
Affective response to observation of intra-species and inter-species interactions was considered in the present research. The brain activity (optical imaging: functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy, fNIRS; and event-related potentials, ERPs, N200) was monitored when subjects observed interactive situations (human-human, HH; human-animal, HA) with a positive (cooperative), negative (uncooperative) or neutral (no emotional) content. In addition, cortical lateralization (more left or right prefrontal activity) and personality component (Behavioral Activation System, BAS; Behavioral Inhibition System, BIS) effects were explored. Both ERP and fNIRS showed significant brain activity increasing in response to positive and negative compared with neutral interactions for HH and HA. However, some differences were found between HH (more "negative valence" effect) and HA (more "positive valence" effect). Finally BAS and BIS were related respectively to more left (positive conditions) or right (negative conditions) hemispheric activity. These results supported the significance of affective behavior differentiating the species-specific and species-aspecific relationships.
本研究考察了对种内和种间互动观察的情感反应。当受试者观察具有积极（合作）、消极（不合作）或中性（无情感）内容的互动情境（人-人，HH；人-动物，HA）时，监测其大脑活动（光学成像：功能性近红外光谱，fNIRS；以及事件相关电位，ERP，N200）。此外，还探讨了皮质侧化（更多左前额叶或右前额叶活动）和人格成分（行为激活系统，BAS；行为抑制系统，BIS）的影响。ERP和fNIRS均显示，与HH和HA的中性互动相比，对积极和消极互动的大脑活动显著增加。然而，HH（更多“负性效价”效应）和HA（更多“正性效价”效应）之间存在一些差异。最后，BAS和BIS分别与更多的左半球（积极条件）或右半球（消极条件）活动相关。这些结果支持了情感行为区分物种特异性和物种非特异性关系的重要性。
