Fernández-Trujillo M A, García-Rosado E, Alonso M C, Álvarez M C, Béjar J
Universidad de Málaga, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
Universidad de Málaga, Departamento de Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2015 Nov 15;168(1-2):83-90. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2015.08.007. Epub 2015 Aug 20.
Due to their direct antiviral activity, Mx proteins play a main role in the response mediated by type I interferon against viral infections. The study on gilthead seabream Mx proteins is especially interesting, since this species is unusually resistant to viral diseases, being asymptomatic carrier of several viruses pathogenic to other fish species. Gilthead seabream has three Mx proteins (Mx1, Mx2 and Mx3) that, separately, display antiviral activity against a wide range of viruses, showing interesting differences in their antiviral specificities. In this work, the possible synergy between the three Mx isoforms has been studied using in vitro systems consisting of CHSE-214 cells stably expressing two or the three gilthead seabream Mx proteins. The antiviral activity of these Mx combinations has been tested against the Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus (IPNV), the Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia Virus (VHSV), the European Sheatfish Virus (ESV) and the Lymphocystis Disease Virus (LCDV). A synergistic effect of the Mx proteins was only detected against ESV, no synergy was observed against LCDV, and a negative interference was detected against the two RNA viruses tested, IPNV and VHSV, as viral replication was higher in cells expressing certain Mx combinations than in cells expressing these proteins separately. These results suggest a functional interaction between gilthead seabream Mx isoforms, which results in a higher or lower antiviral activity depending on the virus tested, thus supporting the idea of complex virus-host interactions and finely tuned mechanisms controlling the antiviral activity of Mx proteins.
由于Mx蛋白具有直接的抗病毒活性，它们在I型干扰素介导的抗病毒感染反应中起主要作用。对金头鲷Mx蛋白的研究特别有趣，因为这种鱼类对病毒性疾病具有异常的抵抗力，是几种对其他鱼类致病的病毒的无症状携带者。金头鲷有三种Mx蛋白（Mx1、Mx2和Mx3），它们分别对多种病毒具有抗病毒活性，在抗病毒特异性方面表现出有趣的差异。在这项工作中，使用由稳定表达两种或三种金头鲷Mx蛋白的CHSE-214细胞组成的体外系统，研究了三种Mx同工型之间可能的协同作用。已经针对传染性胰腺坏死病毒（IPNV）、病毒性出血性败血症病毒（VHSV）、欧洲六须鲶病毒（ESV）和淋巴囊肿病病毒（LCDV）测试了这些Mx组合的抗病毒活性。仅在针对ESV时检测到Mx蛋白的协同作用，针对LCDV未观察到协同作用，并且在针对所测试的两种RNA病毒IPNV和VHSV时检测到负干扰，因为在表达某些Mx组合的细胞中病毒复制高于单独表达这些蛋白的细胞。这些结果表明金头鲷Mx同工型之间存在功能相互作用，这取决于所测试的病毒导致抗病毒活性更高或更低，从而支持了复杂的病毒-宿主相互作用以及精细调节的机制控制Mx蛋白抗病毒活性的观点。
