Berger Douglas, Bradley Katharine A
General Medicine Service, VA Puget Sound, Seattle, WA 98108, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98101, USA; Group Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA; VA Health Services Research & Development (HSR&D) and Center of Excellence in Substance Abuse Treatment and Education (CESATE), Seattle, WA, USA.
Med Clin North Am. 2015 Sep;99(5):989-1016. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2015.05.004.
More than one in four American adults consume alcohol in quantities exceeding recommended limits. One in 12 have an alcohol use disorder marked by harmful consequences. Both types of alcohol misuse contribute to acute injury and chronic disease, making alcohol the third largest cause of preventable death in the United States. Alcohol misuse alters the management of common conditions from insomnia to anemia. Primary care providers should screen adult patients to identify the full spectrum of alcohol misuse. A range of effective treatments are available - from brief counselling interventions and mutual help groups to medications and behavioral therapies.
超过四分之一的美国成年人饮酒量超过推荐限度。十二分之一的人患有酒精使用障碍，并伴有有害后果。这两种酒精滥用情况都会导致急性损伤和慢性疾病，使酒精成为美国可预防死亡的第三大原因。酒精滥用会改变从失眠到贫血等常见病症的治疗方式。初级保健提供者应该对成年患者进行筛查，以识别出所有类型的酒精滥用情况。有一系列有效的治疗方法可供选择——从简短的咨询干预和互助小组到药物治疗和行为疗法。
