Masharipova Alexandra, Nurgaliyeva Nasikhat, Derbissalina Gulmira
Department of General Practice with the Course of Evidence-Based Medicine, Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2023 Jun 21;28(3):280-285. doi: 10.4103/ijnmr.ijnmr_77_21. eCollection 2023 May-Jun.
Chronic diseases are a huge threat to public health in Kazakhstan and around the world. Many deaths can be prevented by using evidence-based behavioral interventions. Nurses, as the most numerous health care workers, can perform behavioral therapy for the prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). This study was conducted in order to explore the behavioral interventions performed by nurses, to analyze current problems, barriers and the attitude of nurses to these activities.
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 260 nurses in the city of Nur-Sultan from 2019 to 2020. The sample was calculated using a formula and simple random sampling. The study was conducted using a specially compiled questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were chosen as a statistical method. Pearson's Chi-square criterion was used to identify a statistically significant relationship between variables.
Among 260 nurses, 208 participants (80%) had the desire to conduct behavioral interventions among patients. Most nurses do not have enough time to conduct behavioral interventions. A short work experience affects to a greater extent nurses use passive training methods. Almost half (47.30%) of nurses rate their level of knowledge about the real effects of drugs, tobacco, alcohol, and preventive measures on the body as "average".
The work of nurses on the prevention of NCDs is not performed enough due to lack of working time and available domestic literature, heavy workload. Behavioral therapy should be based on reliable scientific evidence, which can be achieved through the development of clinical guidelines and continuous training of nurses.
慢性病对哈萨克斯坦乃至全球的公共卫生构成巨大威胁。许多死亡可通过循证行为干预措施得以预防。护士作为数量最多的医护人员，能够开展行为疗法以预防非传染性疾病（NCDs）。本研究旨在探究护士所实施的行为干预措施，分析当前存在的问题、障碍以及护士对这些活动的态度。
2019年至2020年期间，在努尔苏丹市对260名护士开展了一项横断面研究。样本通过公式计算并采用简单随机抽样选取。研究使用专门编制的问卷进行。选择描述性统计作为统计方法。采用Pearson卡方检验标准来确定变量之间具有统计学意义的关系。
在260名护士中，208名参与者（80%）希望对患者实施行为干预。大多数护士没有足够时间开展行为干预。工作经验短在更大程度上影响护士采用被动培训方法。近一半（47.30%）的护士将其对药物、烟草、酒精及预防措施对身体实际影响的知识水平评为“一般”。
由于工作时间不足、国内文献资料有限以及工作量大，护士在预防非传染性疾病方面的工作开展得不够充分。行为疗法应基于可靠的科学证据，这可通过制定临床指南以及对护士进行持续培训来实现。
