Koga Takako, Takayanagi Hiroshi
Department of Pharmacology, School of Dentistry, Showa University, Japan.
Clin Calcium. 2015 Sep;25(9):1293-300.
The bone is continuously renewed throughout adult life by the coordinated action of osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic bone formation in response to various hormones, cytokines, chemokines and biomechanical external stimuli. This process, called bone remodeling, is a prerequisite for the normal bone homeostasis that maintains both bone quality and strength. An imbalance of bone resorption and bone formation is often central to metabolic bone diseases. Aging, various diseases including life-style-related diseases, and loss of mechanical stress lead to an excessive bone resorption, resulting in osteoporosis due to decreased bone mineral density and deterioration of bone quality. Therefore, the activity of both osteoclasts and osteoblasts must be tightly regulated during bone remodeling. Understanding the regulatory mechanisms of bone cells and signal transduction through bone cell communication is important for treating osteoporosis.
在成年期，骨骼通过破骨细胞的骨吸收和成骨细胞的骨形成的协同作用持续更新，以响应各种激素、细胞因子、趋化因子和生物力学外部刺激。这个过程称为骨重塑，是维持骨骼质量和强度的正常骨稳态的先决条件。骨吸收与骨形成的失衡通常是代谢性骨病的核心问题。衰老、包括生活方式相关疾病在内的各种疾病以及机械应力的丧失会导致骨吸收过度，由于骨矿物质密度降低和骨质量恶化而导致骨质疏松症。因此，在骨重塑过程中，破骨细胞和成骨细胞的活性都必须受到严格调节。了解骨细胞的调节机制以及通过骨细胞通讯进行的信号转导对于治疗骨质疏松症很重要。
