Heidrich Daiane, Garcia Marcelo Rocha, Stopiglia Cheila Denise Ottonelli, Magagnin Cibele Massotti, Daboit Tatiane Caroline, Vetoratto Gerson, Schwartz Joel, Amaro Taís Guarienti, Scroferneker Maria Lúcia
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
J Infect Dev Ctries. 2015 Aug 29;9(8):865-71. doi: 10.3855/jidc.5479.
Dermatophytoses are considered a public health problem. The objectives of this study were to determine the evolution of their prevalence in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre, Brazil, and to analyze the dermatophyte species distribution according to body site and demographic characteristics of the patients.
This work was a retrospective analysis of data from patients attending a tertiary care hospital during 1996-2011.
There were 9,048 cases with cultures positive for dermatophytes. Trichophyton rubrum occurred in 59.6% of the cases, followed by Trichophyton interdigitale (34%), Microsporum canis (2.6%), Epidermophyton floccosum (1.5%), Microsporum gypseum (1.3%), and Trichophyton tonsurans (0.9%). The angular coefficients for T. interdigitale, E. floccosum, T. rubrum, and M. canis were +1.119, +0.211, -0.826 and -0.324% per year, respectively. Males presented higher prevalence of infection (79.3% versus 53.9%). Tinea unguium occurred in 48.5% of the cases, followed by tinea pedis (33.1%). T. rubrum was the predominant species in all regions of the body except the scalp, where M. canis was responsible for 75% of the cases.
Monitoring of the evolution of dermatophytosis tracks changes in prevalence over the years and may assist practical measures for the public health control of this disease.
皮肤癣菌病被视为一个公共卫生问题。本研究的目的是确定巴西阿雷格里港大都市区皮肤癣菌病患病率的演变情况，并根据患者的身体部位和人口统计学特征分析皮肤癣菌种类的分布。
本研究对1996年至2011年期间在一家三级护理医院就诊的患者数据进行回顾性分析。
共有9048例皮肤癣菌培养阳性病例。红色毛癣菌占59.6%的病例，其次是指间毛癣菌（34%）、犬小孢子菌（2.6%）、絮状表皮癣菌（1.5%）、石膏样小孢子菌（1.3%）和断发毛癣菌（0.9%）。指间毛癣菌、絮状表皮癣菌、红色毛癣菌和犬小孢子菌的年变化率分别为+1.119%、+0.211%、-0.826%和-0.324%。男性感染患病率较高（79.3%对53.9%）。甲癣占48.5%的病例，其次是足癣（33.1%）。红色毛癣菌是身体所有部位的主要菌种，但头皮除外，头皮病例中75%由犬小孢子菌引起。
监测皮肤癣菌病的演变可追踪多年来患病率的变化，并有助于采取公共卫生控制该疾病的实际措施。
