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AGM2015:2015年反中微子全球地图

AGM2015: Antineutrino Global Map 2015.

作者信息

Usman S M, Jocher G R, Dye S T, McDonough W F, Learned J G

机构信息

Exploratory Science and Technology Branch, National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency, Springfield, VA, 22150, USA.

Ultralytics LLC, Arlington, VA, 22203, USA.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2015 Sep 1;5:13945. doi: 10.1038/srep13945.

Abstract

Every second greater than 10(25) antineutrinos radiate to space from Earth, shining like a faint antineutrino star. Underground antineutrino detectors have revealed the rapidly decaying fission products inside nuclear reactors, verified the long-lived radioactivity inside our planet, and informed sensitive experiments for probing fundamental physics. Mapping the anisotropic antineutrino flux and energy spectrum advance geoscience by defining the amount and distribution of radioactive power within Earth while critically evaluating competing compositional models of the planet. We present the Antineutrino Global Map 2015 (AGM2015), an experimentally informed model of Earth's surface antineutrino flux over the 0 to 11 MeV energy spectrum, along with an assessment of systematic errors. The open source AGM2015 provides fundamental predictions for experiments, assists in strategic detector placement to determine neutrino mass hierarchy, and aids in identifying undeclared nuclear reactors. We use cosmochemically and seismologically informed models of the radiogenic lithosphere/mantle combined with the estimated antineutrino flux, as measured by KamLAND and Borexino, to determine the Earth's total antineutrino luminosity at . We find a dominant flux of geo-neutrinos, predict sub-equal crust and mantle contributions, with ~1% of the total flux from man-made nuclear reactors.

摘要

每秒有超过10的25次方个反中微子从地球辐射到太空,宛如一颗微弱的反中微子恒星闪耀着。地下反中微子探测器揭示了核反应堆内部快速衰变的裂变产物,证实了地球内部的长寿命放射性,并为探索基础物理学的敏感实验提供了信息。绘制各向异性反中微子通量和能谱,通过确定地球内部放射性功率的数量和分布,同时严格评估地球的竞争成分模型,推动了地球科学的发展。我们展示了《2015年反中微子全球地图》(AGM2015),这是一个基于实验的地球表面0至11兆电子伏特能谱反中微子通量模型,同时还对系统误差进行了评估。开源的AGM2015为实验提供了基础预测,有助于确定中微子质量层级的探测器战略布局,并有助于识别未申报的核反应堆。我们使用由宇宙化学和地震学提供信息的放射性岩石圈/地幔模型,结合由KamLAND和Borexino测量的估计反中微子通量,来确定地球在[具体数值]时的总反中微子光度。我们发现地中微子通量占主导地位,预测地壳和地幔的贡献大致相等,人造核反应堆产生的通量约占总通量的1%。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/512f/4555106/a6bad7e2fd17/srep13945-f1.jpg

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