Duvnjak Sanja, Račić Ivana, Špičić Silvio, Zdelar-Tuk Maja, Reil Irena, Cvetnić Željko
Croatian Veterinary Institute, Department for Bacteriology and Parasitology, Laboratory for Bacterial Zoonoses and Molecular Diagnosis of Bacterial Diseases, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Vet Microbiol. 2015 Oct 22;180(1-2):146-50. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.08.013. Epub 2015 Aug 20.
Porcine brucellosis is a common bacterial zoonosis which can cause significant financial losses. Its diverse and often complicated factors have hampered efforts to control disease spread. The aim of the study was to assess the epidemiological situation of porcine brucellosis primarily in Croatia and its relationship to genotypes present in other, mostly European countries. One hundred and seven Brucella suis strains isolated from swine, hares, cattle, humans, wild hares, a wild boar and a mare originating mainly from Croatia (112), but also a few from Slovenia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia and Macedonia (15) were tested using classical microbiological testing, Bruce-ladder, RFLP, Multiplex-suis and genotyped using multi-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA). We determined 43 Brucella suis genotypes. Strains were grouped according to phylogenetic and geographic relationships, revealing both regional specificity and uniqueness and suggesting possible sources and modes of spread among animals. Our study also confirmed problems with Bruce19 locus that may hinder comparisons of new types with those in the international database. Forty-one novel genotypes were identified and deposited into the international database. Our study supports the idea of wild animals as a source of disease in domestic animals and also gives evidence to hypothesis of cross-border animal trafficking between former Yugoslavian countries. It also highlights the need to expand such research across more of southeast Europe, especially to countries with poorer social and economical situation in order to prevent a realistic outbreak and for better understanding of the biology of this pathogen.
猪布鲁氏菌病是一种常见的细菌性人畜共患病，可造成重大经济损失。其多样且往往复杂的因素阻碍了疾病传播控制工作。本研究的目的是评估主要在克罗地亚的猪布鲁氏菌病的流行病学情况及其与其他（主要是欧洲）国家存在的基因型的关系。使用经典微生物检测、布鲁斯梯、限制性片段长度多态性分析（RFLP）、多重猪型布鲁氏菌检测法对从猪、野兔、牛群、人类、野生野兔、一头野猪和一匹母马中分离出的107株猪布鲁氏菌菌株进行检测，这些菌株主要来自克罗地亚（112株），但也有少数来自斯洛文尼亚、波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那、塞尔维亚和马其顿（15株），并使用多位点可变数目串联重复序列分析（MLVA）进行基因分型。我们确定了43种猪布鲁氏菌基因型。菌株根据系统发育和地理关系进行分组，揭示了区域特异性和独特性，并暗示了动物间可能的传播来源和方式。我们的研究还证实了Bruce19位点存在的问题，这可能会阻碍新型菌株与国际数据库中菌株的比较。鉴定出41种新基因型并存入国际数据库。我们的研究支持野生动物是家畜疾病来源的观点，也为前南斯拉夫国家之间跨境动物贩运的假设提供了证据。它还强调有必要在东南欧更多地区开展此类研究，特别是在社会和经济状况较差的国家，以预防实际疫情爆发并更好地了解这种病原体的生物学特性。
